Assimilation Processes
A client that changes /bԑt/ to [bԑp] is demonstrating this kind of assimilation in terms of degree, direction and place.
What is partial progressive labial assimilation?
What is the next step after a client does not pass a speech sound screening?
Refer for a comprehensive assessment.
This type of analysis identifies and describes a child’s speech output without reference to the adult target.
What is independent analysis?
An approach to the treatment of speech sound disorders created by Charles Van Riper designed to teach individual sound productions as opposed to phonological errors patterns.
What is the Traditional Articulation Approach.
A 3 year old female client presents with substitution of the /t/ for /k/, /d/ for /t/, /y/ for /l/, /w/ for /r/, and /b/ for /m/. Would the clinician utilize a motor or linguistic approach to this case?
Linguistic (errors are phonological).
A client that changes /gan/ to [nan] is demonstrating this type of assimilation, in terms of degree, direction, and manner.
What is total regressive nasal assimilation?
A written questionnaire and parent interview might be utilized to collect this aspect of a comprehensive assessment.
What is case history?
This type of analysis compares a child’s productions to the adult form / target and gives us information on types of sound errors, syllable and word structure changes, and error patterns/phonological processes.
What is relational analysis?
An approach to speech sound disorder treatment that is designed for children with multiple sound errors and significantly reduced intelligibility to target phonological processes in a sequential manner.
What is the Cycles Approach?
A 7 year old male client presents with a lateral lisp in all word positions. Would the clinician use a motor or linguistic approach to this case?
Motor (target motor patterns used in production of the /s/ phoneme).
These are two necessary criteria for a production to be considered an assimilation error.
What are a sound that changes, and a sound that causes the change.
The Goldman Fristoe Test of Articulation (GFTA) is an example of this kind of norm-referenced assessment.
What is standardized testing?
Even if a child is severely unintelligible, we can still utilize this form of independent analysis for information about the sounds they are able to make.
What is phonetic inventory?
Utilizing the Traditional approach, your client just stabilized production of the /r/ sound in phrases. This level of complexity would be your next target.
What is sentences?
Eddie is 4 years old, has undergone successful palatal repair, and demonstrates adequate VP closure in nonspeech activities. His speech is characterized by audible nasal emission of air, hypernasality, and several sound distortions. Does he present with a functional or organic speech sound disorder, and why?
Organic, due to underlying structural abnormalities.
In this kind of assimilation, a voiceless obstruent (stop, fricative, affricate) is changed to a voiced one when preceding a vowel within the same syllable.
What is prevocalic voicing?
You decide to refer your client to an orthodontist due to observed malocclusion of the teeth during this portion of your comprehensive assessment.
What is Orofacial examination?
This type of analysis requires a connected speech sample.
What is intelligibility analysis?
This phonological process may be targeted with the minimal pair /soʊ/ and /toʊ/.
What is stopping?
Mrs. Elizondo, a 65-year-old female, exhibits a severe apraxia after surgery to remove a tumor localized in the left frontal lobe. She demonstrates no volitional speech but occasionally produces undifferentiated CV or VC syllables and some automatic utterances (e.g., “Oh my goodness”; “I don’t know”).
Would you characterize this as:
A. A motor-based organic speech sound disorder.
B. A structurally-based organic speech sound disorder.
C. A sensory-based organic speech sound disorder.
D. A functional speech sound disorder.
A. A motor-based organic speech sound disorder.
In this kind of assimilation, the sound that changes is adjacent to the sound causing the change (no intervening segment/sound)
What is contiguous assimilation?
You may utilize this technique during speech sampling with an highly unintelligible child to ease your ability to compare their spoken words to the adult form later on.
What is glossing?
This kind of assessment is utilized to determine a child's response to cueing in order to shape treatment planning.
What is Dynamic Assessment?
Your client presents with difficulty producing the /d͡ʒ/, /t͡ʃ/, /ʃ/, and /r/ phonemes. Using the complexity approach, the clinician may select this target phoneme.
What is /r/?
In an assessment, you determined that your client demonstrated fronting in 35 of 50 trials (70%). Using McReynolds & Elbert’s (1981) criteria, should you consider “fronting” to be an active phonological error pattern for the client based on this information?
Yes, over 40% of instances.