Vocabulary
A variant or alternate form of a phoneme; does not change word meaning
Allophone
crying, coughing, burping, hiccupping
Reflexive vocalizations
The "early eight" phonemes
/p, b, m, d, n, h, j, w/
This is a phonological process that is characterized by the deletion of a consonant, but is rare to see in children
Initial consonant deletion
A speech disorder due to difficulty with motor planning not motor production
Childhood Apraxia of Speech
Sound alterations resulting from modifications of bound morphemes
Morphophonemics
The 2nd stage of infant speech development, Primitive Articulation" is also known as this.
Coo and Goo stage
By the end of this year is when children produce most of the consonant clusters correctly
7th year
A phonological process that may persist after the age of 3 characterized by producing a voiced consonant before a vowel
Prevocalic Voicing
The influence sounds have on one another; occurs in words, phrases, and sentences
co-articulation
The type of transcription that is enclosed in [brackets]
Phonetic
The stage of babbling that consists of reduplicated babbling, the addition of more consonants and vowels, and longer syllables
Stage 4: Canonical babbling
Most vowels and diphthongs are produced with at least 80% accuracy by this age
Age 2
Together, the nucleus and coda are referred to as this
Rhyme
A federally funded program that mandates the availability of services to children who qualify between the ages of birth-three
A distinctive feature characterized by forced, intense air through a small opening /f, v, s, z, ʃ, ʒ, tʃ, dʒ/
Strident
Invented vocalizations that a baby consistently uses in place of a specific word, but is not necessarily a version of the real or true word based on adult models
Protowords/Vocables
This is the number of sounds that are affected when a child produces "twing" for string
These are the 3 main groups of phonological processes
syllable structure
substitution
assimilation
This is when a sound that changes precedes (comes before) the sound that causes the change
ex. "Bat" /tat/
Regressive/Anticipatory assimilation
Children are said to produce these when their phonological system is more advanced than their current age.
Progressive Idioms
When considering the chain of speech development, this must occur before the brain can attach meaning to a sound or before the muscles can produce sound.
The age when 50-75% of a child's speech is intelligible
2-3 years
When a child says /grɪŋɪŋ/ for "grinning", this is an example of what phonological process?
This is what must occur before the speech production process
Speech perception