Apraxia & Motor Speech Disorders
This disorder is a problem with motor planning, not muscle weakness.
Apraxia
Dysarthria is caused by a disruption of motor control in which system(s)?
CNS or PNS
This disorder makes a patient’s speech flat and emotionless.
Aprosodia
Damage that happens on impact is called ____ brain injury.
Primary
True or False: Patients usually wake up from TBI and return to normal immediately.
False!!!!
What type of apraxia makes it hard to use facial muscles for non-speech acts?
Oral Apraxia
What type of dysarthria is caused by lower motor neuron damage?
Flaccid Dysarthria
Neglect limited to your own body (e.g., shaving only one side of your face) is called what?
Personal Neglect
What’s the difference between acute and chronic secondary brain injury?
Acute = hours/days after injury; Chronic = months/years later)
Loss of the ability to form new memories is called what?
Anterograde Amnesia
Injury to these five areas can interfere with motor planning: Name two.
Motor Strip, Broca’s Area, Supplementary Motor Area, Basal Ganglia, Cerebellum
Which dysarthria features slow, effortful speech and drooling?
Spastic Dysarthria
The inability to recognize faces is known as what?
Prosopagnosia
Name two types of primary brain injury.
Skull fracture, contusion, hematoma, laceration, DAI)
What is Confabulation?
Making false memories that seem true
This treatment uses rhythmic melody to help speech fluency.
MIT – Melodic Intonation Therapy
Which dysarthria is linked to Parkinson’s disease?
Hypokinetic
Name two cognitive deficits from Right Hemisphere damage.
Topographical Disorientation, Capgras Delusion, Anosognosia, etc.
What scale measures coma severity and recovery levels?
Glasgow Coma Scale or Rancho Los Amigos Scale
Name one common pragmatic problem seen in TBI patients.
Topic maintenance, dominating conversation, missing sarcasm, etc.
Give an example of “metathesis.”
Rearranging letters — “tape” → “pate”
What does “mixed dysarthria” mean, and name two possible causes.
More than one lesion site; causes include ALS, MS, stroke, trauma, tumor, etc.
This delusion is when someone believes a loved one has been replaced by an imposter.
Capgras Delusion
Define “Diffuse Axonal Injury.”
Widespread shearing of axons from trauma
What does “Coma Stim” therapy involve?
Providing stimuli like smells or sounds to activate the brain