Material Properties
The ability of a material to resist being pulled apart.
Tensile Strength
Load caused by the building’s own weight.
Dead Load
Standard stud size for most walls.
2x4 or 2x6
Which property explains why steel bends before breaking?
Ductility
The ability to resist being pushed together.
Compressive Strength
Load caused by occupants, furniture, and temporary use.
Live Load
What does O.C. stand for?
On Center
Concrete fails quickly under tension because it is…
Brittle
Property describing how much a material can deform before breaking.
Ductility
Wind and earthquakes are examples of what type of loads?
Lateral Loads
Why do we often space studs 16” O.C. instead of 24” O.C.?
To provide more strength and match 4x8 sheathing panels
Give one reason why we use pressure-treated lumber in framing.
Resists rot/moisture at the foundation
Glass and concrete are examples of this property.
Brittleness
Snow on a roof is an example of this load.
Roof Live Load
What is the difference between platform framing and balloon framing?
Platform = floor by floor; Balloon = continuous studs
Which load was a major issue in the Hyatt Regency Walkway Collapse (1981)?
Live Load with design flaw
: The point at which a material begins to deform permanently under stress.
Yield Strength
Explain why floor live loads must be calculated carefully in multi-story buildings.
Because they accumulate from upper floors and affect overall structural safety
A wall is 12 ft long, 8 ft high, studs spaced 16” O.C. How many studs are needed?
10 + 2 = 12 studs
Explain why combining steel and concrete creates a stronger structure.
Steel is strong in tension; concrete is strong in compression