subscribing to a belief system that stresses group benefit and the overriding value of working harmoniously rather than the individual personal advancement
Collectivist culture
subscribing to a belief system that focuses on the individual person and his or her personal dreams, goals and achievements, and right to make choices
Individualist culture
a culture that views time as a valuable commodity and punctuality as very important
Monochromic culture
a culture that sees time as complex and made up of many strands none of which is more important than the other - hence such cultures relaxed attitude toward time
Polychronic culture
assumes that the message itself means everything and it is much more important to have a well-structured argument or a well-delivered presentation or to rely on public information in making choices
Low-context culture
a culture that places a great deal of emphasis on the total enivroment where speech and interaction take place, especially on the relationships between the speakers rather than just on what they say
High-context culture
sets of communication patterns that are the norm for a culture and only that culture hence defining it as different from others around it
Speech communication codes
sets of people whose speech codes and practices identify them as a cultural unit, sharing characteristic values through their equally characteristic speech
Speech communities
examines how people from different cultural social structures interact with one another and what difficulties or conflicts they encounter (over and above the different languages they speak) once they come into contact with one another
Intercultural communication
smaller groups of culture within a larger cultural mass
Co-cultures