Infancy
How many chromosomes does a zygote have?
46 chromosomes
This is the term for the tasks that children cannot do alone but can exercise with the aid of more skilled partners.
Zone of proximal development
Which of the four parenting styles is the most favorable?
Authoritative
What is the leading cause of death in middle adulthood?
Cancer
What is the main difference between correlational research and experimental research designs?
Correlational = no causation
Experimental = causation
Four-year-old Lila loves playing with her toy farm set and often pretends the animals can talk to each other about their day. When her dad pours juice from a short, wide cup into a tall, thin one, Lila insists the tall cup has “more juice” because it looks fuller. Which of Piaget's stages is Lila in?
Preoperational stage (egocentrism, rely on appearance, lack conservation)
How long is the puberty period? Which gender typically goes through puberty first?
4 years; girls
What happens as a result of presbyopia?
vision decline and farsightedness
-cornea flattens, lens loses flexibility, muscle that permits lens to change shape weakens,
Every time Lucy goes to the dentist and hears the sound of the drill, she winces because it causes pain. Eventually, just hearing the sound of the drill - even when it's not used on her - makes her feel anxious. What is the conditioned stimulus (CS) and the conditioned response (CR)?
Conditioned stimulus = sound of drill
Conditioned response = anxiety / fear
What is proximodistal development? Provide an example with your answer.
Growth starts at center and progresses to extremity.
Which identity status is the following an example of: Seventeen-year-old Suzanne is questioning the tenets of the religion in which she was brought up. She is, for the first time, examining her beliefs and considering other belief systems. At the end of the period, she chooses to follow the same religion as her parents.?
Identity achievement (crisis=yes, commitment=yes)
Which cognitive concept is this scenario an example of: At 70, Mr. Alvarez still plays the piano but finds some movements harder because of arthritis. He focuses on pieces he likes, practices the tricky parts more, and sometimes uses a softer keyboard. These changes let him keep playing even though it’s more difficult than before
Selective Optimization with Compensation
Daniel, a 45-year-old teacher, has become increasingly skilled at managing his classroom and connecting with students as he gains more experience. At the same time, he has begun noticing that remembering names and multitasking is harder than it used to be. Which of Balte's key principles is this an example of?
Developmental is multidirectional
Maya decides to create a “class library” by organizing her classmates’ books and making hand-drawn checkout cards. She proudly explains the system to her peers and encourages them to borrow books. Which of Erikson's Psychosocial stages is Maya demonstrating?
Initiative vs. Guilt
Which type of postformal thinking does the following example reflect: Jordan is researching whether social media affects attention span and notices that different studies come to conflicting conclusions. Instead of assuming one source must be “right,” Jordan evaluates each study’s methods, sample sizes, and potential biases before forming an opinion. Jordan ultimately concludes that knowledge is not absolute and that the most reasonable stance is based on weighing the quality of evidence?
Reflective judgement
Which of the Big Five personality traits increase in middle-late adulthood?
Agreeableness and conscientiousness