syndromes associated with CV
A child has been born with pulmonic valve stenosis and LVH. What syndrome is associated with this?
PDA?
acyanotic
during inspection of the CV system, what are you looking for?
skin color, shape of the chest, symmetry of the chest, and clubbing of the nails.
abnormal findings: pallor, cyanosis, asymmetry of chest or weird movement
PDA has multiple dxs tests... can you name some?
wide pulse pressures (low diastolic), increased vascular markings on CXR, poor O2 sat, bounding pulses, enlarged heart, prolonged cap refill, hyperactive precordium, Echocardiogram
Coarctation of the aorta is associated with what other syndrome?
Turner's syndrome
Down syndrome can have these CV defects
what is AV canal and VSD
Tetralogy of Fallot
cyanotic
during palpation what do you look for?
skin and body temp, moisture, chest movement, point of maximal impulse
ab findings: PMI not at 4th or 5th intercostal space, cold extremities, dry flaky skin, thrills, heaves
what is the medical, surgical, or the nursing interventions for ASD
digoxin, diuretics, pain medications (medical), Surgical closure with cardiac cath (monitor for pulm HTN or dysrhythmias), nursing is monitoring feedings with small and frequent feeds, signs and sxs of CHF, monitor for respiratory distress.
With truncus arteriosus do you give supplemental oxygen?
although it is a mixed blood condition, DON'T give supplemental oxygen if you can, it decreases the pulmonary blood flow
Marfan syndrome can have what CV defects
Aortic aneurism, aortic or mitral regurgitation
Truncus arteriosus
mixed
during percussion what do you look for
heart size and shape
ab finding is an enlarged heart and axis deviation
TOF, a cyanotic heart defect, consists of which 4 separate defects?
VSD between right and left ventricles, PS or obstruction of right ventricular outflow, overriding aorta lying directly over VSD, and secondary thickening of right ventricle
a child underwent a dental surgery with no Rx of abx. The father of the child is concerned as the child has a 38.0°C temp, overly fatigued with simple tasks, developed a cough, chills, SOB, joint pain, barely eats, and has weird red spots on her hands and splinter hemorrhages on her finger nails. What is the nurse thinking that the child has?
endocarditis
A mother states that she drank the entire pregnancy. The nurse suspects Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and what CV defects
what is VSD, PDA, ASD, and TOF
transposition of great vessels
cyanotic
auscultation what should ya hear
no murmurs S1 S2, innocent murmurs, quiet percordium,
ab findings: murmurs, clicks, rubs, snaps
What assessment finds are their on a pt with TOF?
right to left shunting, Tet spells, cyanosis when crying, clubbing, decreased growth, failure to gain weight, heart murmur, syncope, DOE, polycythemia, BOOT shaped heart
A child comes in with a hx of a 5 day high grade fever, painful joints, strawberry tongue, cervical lymphadenopathy, groin rash, erythema on hands and feet, WBC count of 20,000, and a pericardial friction rub. What is the nurses dx of this & what interventions will she implement?
Kawasaki Disease:
NI: anti-inflammatory meds (high dose salicylate therapy for 6-8 weeks), IV gamma globulin (given 1st 10 days to prevent aneurysms), monitor for CHF, and sx relief
The mother states her child has had an extensive prenatal hx of multiple joint contractures, spina bifida, loss of hearing, cleft lip, and eye issues, with a recent diagnosis of Trisomy 18. What should the nurse expect the child's heart to have?
what is VSD, PDA, and PS
acyanotic
what are some nursing interventions for eisenmenger syndrome?
a pt with TAPVR undergoes multiple dxs tests, which are? and what interventions should the nurse do during the shift?
dxs test: Snowman's sign, pulm edema on CXR, o2 sat levels, ECHO
the nurse should maintain a patent airway, strict I&O, monitor ABGs, and post surgical care