Linux Security
What command changes the permissions of a file or directory in Linux?
chmod
What command prints your current working directory?
pwd
What feature prompts for consent before allowing changes that require administrator rights?
User Account Control (UAC)
What command-line tool shows your IP address, subnet mask, and default gateway?
ipconfig
What device or software filters incoming and outgoing traffic based on a set of rules?
Firewall
What command lets an authorized user run a single command with root privileges?
sudo
What command displays the contents of a text file in the terminal?
cat
What built-in Windows feature encrypts an entire drive so data is protected if the device is stolen?
BitLocker
What console lets you start, stop, and configure background services?
Services
What port number does HTTP use by default?
80
In numeric (octal) permissions, what three permissions does a "7" grant the file's owner?
Read, write, execute (rwx)
What is the top-level directory of the entire Linux filesystem, written as a single forward slash?
the root directory - "/"
What tool enforces settings like password and audit policies on a local machine or across an entire network?
Group Policy / Local Group Policy
What Windows database stores low-level system and application configuration settings?
Windows Registry
What secure, encrypted protocol replaces Telnet for remote command-line access, using port 22?
SSH
What file stores the hashed passwords for local accounts on a modern Linux system?
/etc/shadow
On Debian/Ubuntu, what command followed by a package name installs software?
apt install
Which built-in accounts should be disabled or renamed because attackers already know its default name? Two part question
Administrator, Guest
On a 64-bit Windows system, what folder stores 32-bit application files?
C:\Program Files (x86)
What default port carries encrypted HTTPS web traffic?
443
What insecure remote-access service, which sends data in plaintext over port 23, should be removed in favor of SSH?
Telnet
What user ID (UID) number always belongs to the root account?
UID 0
What console configures local security settings such as the account lockout threshold and minimum password length?
Local Security Policy
What keyboard shortcut opens Task Manager directly?
Ctrl + Shift + Esc
What protocol automatically assigns IP addresses to devices when they join a network?
DHCP - Dynamic Host Control Protocol