Web
A kind of vulnerability that allows the attacker to execute arbitrary commands on a database
What is SQL injection?
Command to securely connect to a remote server on the command line
What is ssh?
This technology allows you to run Linux programs on Windows
What is WSL?
Segmentation fault
A function which is easy to compute one way but not the other
What is a hash?
Allows a server to store a small amount of a data in the client
What is a cookie?
What you're referring to as Linux, is in fact this
What is GNU/Linux?
Translation layer to run Windows programs on Linux natively
What is WINE?
A kind of vulnerability where more bytes are written than expected
What is a buffer overflow?
Addition modulus two
What is XOR?
Kind of vulnerability where users are able to execute arbitrary javascript on other users' browsers
What is XSS?
The most common library which implements stdio.h among other standard interfaces
What is glibc?
The name of the kernel that replaces MS-DOS
What is NT?
Elevation of privileges within a sandboxed application (in a Linux namespace)
What is a container escape?
Kind of encryption which uses public and private keys
Asymmetric cryptography
A file used to tell web scrapers what they are allowed to access
What is robots.txt
A shared object file which can be linked directly into the kernel, usually to implement drivers
What is a kernel module?
What the the windows equivalent of the unix command 'cat'
What is "type" or What is "Get-Content"
Modern CPU vulnerability involving CPU speculative execution
What are Spectre and Meltdown?
Modern block cipher developed by the NSA with 6 common modes of operation
What is AES?
An authentication workflow which allows you to sign in using social accounts
What is OAuth?
File system developed by Sun Microsystems designed for high reliability using software RAID
What is ZFS?
The name of the executable file format in windows, equivalent to ELF
What is a PE (portable executable)
A method of reusing "gadgets" of code after gaining control flow to execute your own code
What is ROP?
Integers mod p when p is a prime number is an example of this
What is a Galois field/finite field