Cybersecurity Basics
This term describes the practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks.
What is cybersecurity?
This type of attack involves an attacker sending fraudulent communications that appear to come from a reputable source.
What is phishing?
This is an update to software that fixes a security vulnerability.
What is a patch?
Phishing attacks using QR codes to direct victims to malicious sites.
What is “Quishing”?
AI-generated fake video or audio that mimics real people.
What is a “deepfake”?
This type of software is designed to detect and remove malicious software from a computer.
What is antivirus software?
This type of malware encrypts a victim's files and demands payment to restore access.
What is ransomware?
This principle involves granting users only the access they need to perform their job functions.
What is the principle of least privilege?
This 2017 ransomware attack affected over 200,000 computers across 150 countries, exploiting a vulnerability in Windows. It made users wanna _____.
What is WannaCry?
This kind of engineering is used to trick people into revealing their personal information.
What is social engineering?
This is the process of converting information or data into a code to prevent unauthorized access.
What is encryption?
This term refers to a network of private computers infected with malicious software and controlled as a group without the owners' knowledge.
What is a botnet?
This is a security measure that requires users to provide two forms of identification before accessing an account.
What is two-factor authentication?
This attack on Iran destroyed many of the centrifuges it used in its nuclear weapons program.
What is Stuxnet?
This tool encrypts your laptop's hard drive to protect your data in case it is lost or stolen.
What is BitLocker?
This term refers to the practice of ensuring that data is accurate and reliable.
What is data integrity?
This type of malware disguises itself as legitimate software to trick users into installing it.
What is a Trojan horse?
This type of test involves simulating cyberattacks on a system to identify vulnerabilities.
What is penetration testing?
A major ransomware attack disrupted the operations of this well-known energy company in 2021.
What is Colonial Pipeline?
This software secretly gathers information about your online activities without your permission.
What is spyware?
This type of attack involves overwhelming a system with traffic to make it unavailable to users.
What is a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack?
This term describes a vulnerability that is unknown to those who should be interested in mitigating it.
What is a zero-day exploit?
The largest U.S. healthcare data breach in February 2024 that involved a ransom payment and affected 190 million people.
What is the Change Healthcare breach (UnitedHealth Group, ~$22M ransom)?
2 resorts in this city were hit by ransomware in 2022. 1 resort paid the ransom and 1 did not and suffered through the consequences.
What is Las Vegas?
This U.S. agency serves as the national hub for cyber defense and coordinates the federal response to significant cyber incidents under the National Cyber Incident Response Plan.
What is the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA)?