Attachment and Emotional Development
This attachment style promotes exploration while providing emotional safety
What is secure attachment?
This stage of prenatal development is the most vulnerable to teratogens.
What is the embryonic stage?
This concept is the understanding that objects exist even when they are out of sight.
What is object permanence?
This type of motor skill involves large muscle movements, like crawling.
What are gross motor skills?
This process coats neurons with a fatty sheath to speed up communication.
What is myelination?
In the Strange Situation Test, infants with this attachment style show minimal distress when the caregiver leaves and avoidance upon return.
What is avoidant attachment?
This nutrient prevents neural tube defects during pregnancy.
What is folic acid?
This term refers to copying a behavior after a delay.
What is deferred imitation?
Most infants reach this motor milestone, sitting without support, at this age.
What is 6–7 months?
This part of the brain regulates vital functions like breathing and heart rate
What is the medulla?
This caregiver behavior fosters secure attachment and better emotional regulation skills
What is consistent responsiveness?
Alcohol and tobacco are examples of these substances that harm fetal development
What are teratogens?
In Vygotsky’s theory, this is the tailored support adults provide to help children learn new skills.
What is scaffolding?
This principle states that motor development progresses from the head downward
What is the cephalocaudal principle?
This process eliminates unused neural connections to enhance efficiency
What is synaptic pruning?
This term describes when infants look to caregivers for cues on how to react in unfamiliar situations.
What is social referencing?
This structure facilitates nutrient and oxygen exchange between mother and fetus.
What is the placenta?
Social interaction fosters this crucial aspect of cognitive development during infancy.
What is language acquisition?
This activity helps infants strengthen neck, shoulder, and arm muscles to prepare for crawling.
What is tummy time?
This brain structure is involved in perception, memory, and voluntary movement
What is the cerebrum?
This attachment style can lead to difficulty forming trusting relationships and managing emotions later in life
What is disorganized attachment?It may lead to difficulty in forming trusting relationships and managing emotions.
This concept explains how genetics provide a blueprint for development, while the environment shapes outcomes
What is nature vs. nurture?
This theorist emphasized stages of independent discovery, while another focused on the role of social interaction.
Who are Piaget and Vygotsky?
This condition, caused by inadequate nutrition, can delay motor milestones.
What is failure to thrive (FTT)?
This interaction explains how brain structure is determined by genetics but shaped by environmental factors like stimulation and nutrition.
What is nature vs. nurture?