#1
Which of the following is a common gastrointestinal finding in a child with cystic fibrosis?
A. Bloody stools
B. Steatorrhea
C. Constipation
D. Projectile vomiting
✅ Answer: B. Steatorrhea
2. A nurse is teaching a parent of a child with CF. Which statement indicates understanding?
A. "My child needs a low-protein diet."
B. "I will restrict fluids to reduce mucus production."
C. "I will give pancreatic enzymes with every meal and snack."
D. "My child should avoid physical activity."
✅ Answer: C. "I will give pancreatic enzymes with every meal and snack."
What is the primary diagnostic test for cystic fibrosis?
A. Sweat chloride test
B. Chest X-ray
C. Pulmonary function test
D. ABG
✅ Answer: A. Sweat chloride test
Which finding is most consistent with cystic fibrosis in a newborn?
A. Meconium ileus
B. Projectile vomiting
C. Macrocephaly
D. High-pitched cry
✅ Answer: A. Meconium ileus
Which respiratory finding is expected in a child with CF?
A. Dry cough
B. Stridor
C. Wheezing and crackles
D. Pleural friction rub
✅ Answer: C. Wheezing and crackles
A nurse is assessing a child who presents with frequent respiratory infections, greasy stools, and poor weight gain despite a healthy appetite. Which priority intervention should the nurse anticipate?
A. Administer a stool softener
B. Encourage a low-fat diet
C. Begin chest physiotherapy
D. Limit oral fluid intake
✅ Answer: C. Begin chest physiotherapy
During a home visit, the nurse observes the child’s diet includes high-calorie and high-protein foods. The parent asks why this is necessary. What is the best response?
A. “These foods reduce your child’s need for vitamins.”
B. “They help manage inflammation in the lungs.”
C. “They support growth and compensate for poor nutrient absorption.”
D. “They will decrease your child’s stool frequency.”
Answer: C. “They support growth and compensate for poor nutrient absorption.”
Which of the following nursing actions is a priority for a hospitalized child with CF?
A. Initiating passive range-of-motion exercises
B. Monitoring for signs of bowel obstruction
C. Placing in droplet precautions
D. Performing postural drainage
✅ Answer: D. Performing postural drainage
The purpose of high-calorie, high-protein meals in CF is to:
A. Prevent hyperglycemia
B. Enhance mucus clearance
C. Compensate for malabsorption
D. Reduce enzyme requirements
✅ Answer: C. Compensate for malabsorption
A nurse is planning anticipatory guidance for the parents of a preschooler. Which of the following should the nurse include?
A. Expect frequent mood swings and negativism.
B. Encourage magical thinking and fantasy play.
C. Limit opportunities for the child to make choices.
D. Provide consistent punishment for all misbehavior.
Answer: B. Encourage magical thinking and fantasy play.
Which finding should be reported immediately in a CF patient?
A. Loose stools
B. O2 saturation of 89%
C. Salty-tasting skin
D. Poor appetite
✅ Answer: B. O2 saturation of 89%
7. Which nutrient deficiency is a child with CF most at risk for?
A. Vitamin B1
B. Vitamin C
C. Vitamin D
D. Iron
✅ Answer: C. Vitamin D
Fat soluble
13. A client with CF reports abdominal distension, no stool for 24 hours, and vomiting. The nurse suspects:
A. GERD
B. Lactose intolerance
C. Bowel obstruction
D. Pyloric stenosis
✅ Answer: C. Bowel obstruction
12. Which of the following indicates effective airway clearance therapy in a CF client?
A. Increase in cough frequency
B. Decreased wheezing
C. Increased fatigue
D. Elevated respiratory rate
✅ Answer: B. Decreased wheezing
What type of isolation is used for a hospitalized CF patient with a respiratory infection?
A. Contact precautions
B. Droplet precautions
C. Airborne precautions
D. Reverse isolation
✅ Answer: A. Contact precautions
A nurse is reviewing lab results for a child with recurrent respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms. Which value supports the suspected diagnosis?
A. Hemoglobin 11.8 g/dL
B. Platelets 250,000/mm³
C. Sweat chloride concentration 72 mEq/L
D. Blood glucose 98 mg/dL
Answer: C. Sweat chloride concentration 72 mEq/L
A child is prescribed a nebulized mucolytic medication. What is the primary goal of this treatment?
A. Reduce pulmonary inflammation
B. Suppress chronic cough
C. Increase appetite and reduce fatigue
D. Decrease viscosity of respiratory secretions
Answer: D. Decrease viscosity of respiratory secretions
Which complication is associated with CF?
A. Diabetes mellitus
B. Intussusception
C. Appendicitis
D. Leukemia
✅ Answer: A. Diabetes mellitus
A nurse is caring for a pediatric client with chronic pulmonary issues, failure to thrive, and a history of meconium ileus at birth. Which system should be monitored closely due to a common complication?
A. Renal
B. Neurological
C. Endocrine
D. Hematologic
Answer: C. Endocrine
A nurse is caring for a client at 36 weeks of gestation who reports severe upper abdominal pain, persistent headache, and blurred vision. Which of the following complications should the nurse suspect?
A. Placenta previa
B. Hyperemesis gravidarum
C. Gestational diabetes
D. Preeclampsia with severe features
Answer: D. Preeclampsia with severe features
A school-age child (7 years old) is hospitalized. Which activity should the nurse encourage to support normal development?
A. Playing peek-a-boo
B. Engaging in fantasy play
C. Playing board games
D. Imitating adults’ actions
Playing board games
A nurse is teaching a school-aged child how to use an inhaled bronchodilator followed by chest physiotherapy. Which outcome indicates understanding of the teaching?
A. “I will do my therapy right after dinner every day.”
B. “I will take my enzyme pill before my breathing treatment.”
C. “I will take the inhaler first to open my airways.”
D. “I should avoid coughing right after using the inhaler.”
C. “I will take the inhaler first to open my airways.”
A child with CF is prescribed dornase alfa. What is the purpose of this medication?
A. Reduce inflammation
B. Replace digestive enzymes
C. Thin pulmonary secretions
D. Stimulate appetite
✅ Answer: C. Thin pulmonary secretions
A nurse is educating parents about enzyme replacement therapy. Which statement indicates correct understanding?
A. “I will give the enzyme supplement after meals only.”
B. “I will mix the enzymes with hot liquids.”
C. “I will offer the enzymes with every meal and snack.”
D. “I will hold the enzymes if my child has diarrhea.”
Answer: C. “I will offer the enzymes with every meal and snack.”
9. The nurse teaches a child with CF how to perform chest physiotherapy. When should it be done?
A. Immediately after meals
B. Before meals and at bedtime
C. Only if cough is productive
D. Only during hospital stays
✅ Answer: B. Before meals and at bedtime