Sentence Structure
What is the first statement that defines a sentence's physical nature
A new sentence begins with a capital letter
What are the two fundamental parts of a sentence?
The two fundamental parts of a sentence are the subject and predicate.
What is a simple sentence, and provide an example.
A simple sentence contains a subject and a verb, and it may also have an object and modifiers/prepositional phrase. Example: "He wrote."
What is the key difference between an independent clause and a dependent clause?
The key difference is that an independent clause can stand alone as a complete sentence, while a dependent clause cannot and must be joined with an independent clause.
What is a sentence fragment?
A sentence fragment is an incomplete sentence that lacks either a subject or an essential verb.
What punctuation marks can end a sentence according to sentence structure rules?
Period (.), question mark (?), or exclamation point (!).
Define the subject of a sentence.
The subject of a sentence is what or whom the sentence is about.
Define a compound sentence and give an example.
A compound sentence contains at least two independent clauses. Example: "He completed her literature review, and he created his reference list."
Give an example of an independent clause.
Example only: "She went to the store."
Name one common feature of sentence fragments.
A common feature is a missing subject.
What is the term for the subject + verb + object word order in a sentence?
Subject + Verb + Object word order is called sentence structure.
Define the predicate of a sentence.
The predicate of a sentence indicates what the subject is doing or what the subject is.
Explain what a complex sentence is and provide an example.
A complex sentence contains at least one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. Example: "Although he completed his literature review, he still needed to work on his methods section."
What are subordinating conjunctions used for in sentences?
Subordinating conjunctions are used to link dependent clauses to independent clauses and establish a relationship of dependence or subordination.
Give an example of a sentence fragment with a missing subject.
Example only: "Ran through the woods." (Missing subject: Who or What ran?)
Give an example of a sentence that contains a subject given only once.
Example Only: She went to the store.
Name one of the elements that can be part of the subject or predicate.
One of the elements that can be part of the subject or predicate is the direct object.
Describe a compound-complex sentence and provide an example.
A compound-complex sentence contains at least two independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. Example: "With pizza and soda at hand, they studied APA rules for many hours, and they decided that writing in APA made sense because it was clear, concise, and objective."
Provide an example of a sentence with an abandoned clause.
"Although she studied hard for her test." (An independent clause is missing to complete the thought.)
Provide an example of a sentence fragment with a missing verb.
"The cute rabbit." (Missing verb: What did the rabbit do?)
What is the term for a sentence that must have a complete idea that stands alone?
A sentence with a complete idea that stands alone is called an independent clause.
What is the term for an element that adds meaning and detail to the subject or predicate?
The term for an element that adds meaning and detail to the subject or predicate is a modifier.
Name two ways in which independent clauses can be combined in a compound sentence.
Independent clauses in a compound sentence can be combined with a comma and a coordinating conjunction or with a semicolon.
Define what modifiers are and give an example of a sentence with a modifier.
Modifiers are words, phrases, or clauses that give more information about another word in the same sentence. Example: "He studied in the library."
Explain what an abandoned clause is in the context of sentence fragments.
An abandoned clause is a dependent clause that lacks an independent clause to connect to, leaving the thought incomplete.