HARDWARE
What are the 4 basic components of a computer?
Mouse, Monitor, System Unit, Keyboard
What is the definition of operating system?
An operating system is the main control software of the computer. It allows the applications and hardware to collaborate, so the computer can function well. (e.g. Windows, iOS, etc.)
Differentiate between word processor and text processor.
A word processor allows you to write, edit, and format data whereas text processor only allows you to write and edit. Formatting is not available in text processor.
Identify how many ethical issues and name them.
1. Individual Privacy
2. Copyright
3. Corporate confidentiality
4. Software Piracy
Oval....Start/End
Parallelogram....Input/Output
Rectangle...Process
Diamond...Decision
Arrows...Flow Lines
Circle...Connector
What are peripheral device. Give examples.
These are all other components connected to the system unit from the outside, and controlled by the CPU. (e.g. printer, thumb drive, etc)
State and define the two types of OS?
Disk based OS: large, complex OS software used by computers. They can multi-task, or do many things at once.
Chip based OS: small, simple OS software used by other electronic devices like mobile phones, etc. Usually single-tasking, which means they can only do one task at a time.
Describe how proportional and fixed width spacing, differ.
Proportional spacing states that the spacing for every character is determined by their width, resulting in different space for all characters.
Fixed Spacing states that all every character has the exact same space or same width of characters.
Define ethical issues relating to real-life situations
Ethical issues are problems or situations that requires a person to choose between alternatives that must be evaluated as right or wrong. If someone behaves ethically, they are good. If a person behaves unethically, they are bad or morally corrupt.
Differentiate between algorithm and flowchart.
Flowchart is a graphical representation of this procedure or algorithm using programming objects
Describe the role of programmers in the field of Information and Communications Technology (ICT)
They enhance and increase the power of computers and the internet, speeding up the input and output processes in a machine.
They create software and applications that helps the computer and users in daily life.
What is the acronym for the 6 functions of OS. State the long form for the acronym.
PADMUS. Processor Management, Application Interface, Device Management, Memory Management, User Interface, System Management,
Explain the advantages of using a database.
Database can store large amounts of data in a small space.
Allows data to be sorted quickly, changed easily and organized neatly.
Controls the data input by setting field types and field sizes.
Explain the relationship between these terms; programmer, programming, and program.
Programmer is a person that creates programs using programming.
Explain how data flows between different hardware devices. (Data Flow Diagram)
Input: data is entered using input devices such as keyboard.
Main memory: data flows into the main memory (RAM) for temporary storage.
Processing: RAM sends data to CPU for processing; converts to understandable language for computer. CPU then sends it back to RAM.
Storage/Output: data is then displayed or sent to output devices such as monitor or printer. It can also be then sent to storage devices such as HDD, etc.
Explain the difference between programs and software.
Software are programs inside the computer that we use to do our work. In contrast, programs refer to a series of coded instructions that the computer interprets (understands and follows).
Discuss the advantages of acquiring spreadsheet skills in the employment field.
Discuss equity issues relating to computers (Range: Gender, Disability, Culture)
Equity issues talks about the equality of accessing computers. Historically, tech industry was male-dominated but today females are granted the same opportunities. Computers are available to everyone despite their status, gender and culture or race.
State and describe 3 characteristics/features of good computer programs.
Portability
Maintainability
Reliable
Efficient
Discuss how expansion cards enhance the PC's capabilities.
Modem card: by allowing the computer to send and receive data through telephone or cable lines
Sound card: by allowing sound to be recorded and send out sound through speakers.
Network Card: by allowing computers to connect to a network and enables data sharing.
Explain why anti-virus software are needed to help protect computer system against viruses.
Anti-virus softwares are designed to detect and remove viruses from computers and protect them from threats. It helps the computer system and components to function well, and it stops the hackers from stealing/destroying your information.
Discuss the importance of saving if saving files regularly and doing Back-ups.
Computers fail from time to time; disks can become corrupt, CDs can get scratched, and drives can be broken. This can cause you to lose you work. It is essential to save in more than one place, so that you can access it everytime and you'll always have a safe copy somewhere.
Discuss the simple difference between ethical and equity issues with examples.
Equity is the principle of fairness, ensuring everyone receives what they need to have equal opportunities and outcomes, while ethical issues are questions of right and wrong, often guided by a code of behaviour.
Discuss the importance of Problem Analysis and decision making relating to real-life.
Problem Analysis allows us to break down problems and identify ways that we can solve it. Which will then lead us to making decisions that can better help improve our situation rather than worsening it.