Ecoregion
What is an ecoregion?
An area of land with distinctive species and geography
How much ice-free lands on Earth have been transformed by human activities?
75%
What are the levels of biodiversity?
Genetic, Population, Species, Communities, Ecosystem
What does GDN stand for?
Global Deal for Nature
Name an instrumental value of the tiger
Cultural value OR Ecotourism OR Reduced deforestation
How many ecoregions are there in the new Ecoregion map?
867
What is the name of the phenomenon: rising ocean temperatures lead to the loss of vital marine ecosystems that support fish and other marine life?
Coral reef bleaching
What are the types of ecosystem services?
Provisioning, Regulating, Cultural, Supporting
What treaty does the GDN pair with?
Paris Agreement
Name 2 anthropogenic threats to tigers
Slash/burn agriculture + Traditional medicine + Bushmeat trade + Gold mining + Rattan trade
Why were previous maps ineffective?
Their ecoregions were too large and not specific enough
Which threats of biodiversity give rise to eutrophication and formed dead zones in the ocean?
Pollution
What is the difference between an intrinsic valuation of nature and an instrumental value of nature?
An intrinsic valuation of nature states that nature has inherent worth being independent of humans while an instrumental valuation of nature states that nature has a worth based on satisfaction or utility to people
How much of Earth’s surface does the GDN advise to conserve by 2030 & by 2050?
30% by 2030 & 50% by 2050
What is the limiting factor of tiger population growth?
Prey availability
How are ecoregion maps beneficial to biodiversity conservation?
They show habitat boundaries and biodiversity around the world
Why is the Anthropocene considered a distinct geological epoch?
Because human activities are the dominant force that shapes the Earth in many aspects
Which method of biodiversity protection ensures that profits from ecotourism flow back to the locals?
Sustainable forestry
What kind of science is the GDN based on? How many goals does that science aim to achieve?
conservation biology; five fundamental goals
How much forest cover has been lost in the past 300 years?
78%
What is one caveat of ecoregion maps?
No single biogeographic framework is optimal for all taxa in a given area or Ecoregion boundaries are rarely form abrupt edges and form sort of mosaics or Most ecoregions contain habitats that differ from their biomes
Why has the Anthropocene inspired new conservation strategies?
Because traditional conservation focused on untouched wilderness, but now scientists recognize the need for new conservation strategies designed for human-dominated landscapes and to protect ecosystems at a global scale.
What was the example used to describe niche complementarity?
Birds eating pest during the day while bats eat pest at night
What are the 3 major themes that GDN milestones and targets should support? (Hint: see Dinerstein reading)
(1) protecting biodiversity (2) mitigating climate change (3) reducing major threats
What year did tigers stop being treated as pests?
1931