Definitions
The art and science of reasoning.
What is Logic
Name the 2 types of Logic.
What are Deductive and Inductive?
A philosopher who lived from 1561 to 1626 and who developed the scientific method and the idea of the four idols.
Who is Francis Bacon?
A fallacy that makes a generalization about a class of things based on too few examples.
What is Hasty Generalization?
The art of public speaking.
What is Rhetoric
One of the 2 branches of Logic, that deals with ordinary language arguments that tend to start with evidence that can be observed and compiled and work toward generalizations that are reasonably accurate with more or less probability. Arguments are said to be "strong" or "weak"
What is Inductive Logic?
What is Idols of the Cave?
A system invented by Aristotle to help people discover all the possible arguments for a topic.
What are Common Topics?
Greek Rhetoricians that focused on style over content.
What are Sophists?
A method of determining the validity of a formal argument in which the conclusion must necessarily be true if the premises used to support it are true. Arguments are said to be "black" or "white" and can not be gray.
What is Deductive Logic?
Idols that reflect our tendency to favor our own interpretation of words over others, which can lead to confusion in communication.
What are the Idols of the Marketplace?
Name the 5 Common topics invented by Aristotle.
What are definitions, testimony, comparison, relationship, and circumstance?
A positive or negative opinion formed about someone or something without consulting information and logic, often based on hasty generalization.
What is Prejudice?
This is an example of what? All men are mortal; Socrates is a man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal.
What is a Syllogism?
Idols that reflect our tendency to cherish the majority or established opinion over minority or novel opinion, which can inhibit our ability to relinquish flawed philosophies or paradigms.
What are Idols of the Theatre?
What is definition?
When someone has an unreasonable inclination or disinclination toward someone or something, which prevents him from considering it in an objective manner.
What is Bias?
A deductive, formal argument consisting of two premises followed by a conclusion.
What is a syllogism?
Idols that reflect the human tendency to engage in wishful thinking and hasty generalization.
What are Idols of the Tribe?
Francis Bacon characterized the human tendencies as "idols" because...