History
What year did World War II end
1945
What is a prime number
What is the hottest planet? What is the largest planet? What is the smallest planet? Which planet is known as the red planet? What is the farthest planet? What is the brightest planet?
a. Venus
b. Jupiter
c. Mercury
d. Mars
e. Neptune
f. Venus
Which country has the world's largest population?
India
What is the difference between a compiled language and an interpreted language? Give one example of each.
Compiled: Code is converted to machine code before running (e.g., C++).
Interpreted: Code is executed line-by-line at runtime (e.g., Python).
Who was the leader of the Soviet Union during most of World War II
Joseph Stalin
What does the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus connect?
Derivatives and Integrals - they are inverse processes.
What is the largest organ in the human body?
The skin
What international group includes the U.S., Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, and the U.K.?
The G7
In programming, what is recursion, and what is one problem commonly solved using recursion?
Common problems: factorial, Fibonacci, tree traversal, binary search, etc.
What ancient civilization built Machu Picchu
The Inca Empire
What is the difference between a permutation and a combination
In a permutation, order matters; in a combination, order does not matter.
Which animal has the largest brain relative to its body size?
The Etruscan shrew (a type of shrew)
What global issue is the Paris Agreement designed to address?
Climate change
What is the difference between a stack and a queue in data structures?
Stack: Last-In, First-Out (LIFO)
Queue: First-In, First-Out (FIFO)
What event began when Gavrilo Princip assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand?
The start of World War I
Q: If sin(0) = 3/5
and theta is in Quadrant II, find cos(0) and tan(0).
cos(0) = -4/5
tan(0) = -3/4
What element has the highest melting point
Tungsten.
What is NATO’s primary purpose?
Collective defense for its member nations
Q: Consider the following Python code. What does it output?
x = 0
for i in range(1, 5):
x += i * (i - 1)
print(x)
i = 1 → 1 × 0 = 0
i = 2 → 2 × 1 = 2
i = 3 → 3 × 2 = 6
i = 4 → 4 × 3 = 12
Sum: 0 + 2 + 6 + 12 = 20
Output: 20
Which empire did Suleiman the Magnificent rule, and name one major achievement from his reign?
The Ottoman Empire; examples include legal reforms, territorial expansion, or cultural/architectural achievements.
Q: A function f(x) is even, and you know f (6) = -8 and f'(6) = 3. What are the
values of f(-6) and f'(-6)?
Because it's even:
f (-6) = f(6) = -8.
Derivative of an even function is odd:
f'(-6) = -f'(6) = -3.
Which sea has no coastlines?
The Sargasso Sea.
Which major conflict began in 2022 between Russia and another country, and what caused it?
The Russia–Ukraine war; caused by Russia’s invasion due to political and territorial disputes.
Explain what a “hash function” is and name two important properties that make a hash function good for use in hash tables.
A hash function maps data to a numerical value (a hash).
Important properties:
Uniform distribution (avoids collisions)
Deterministic (same input → same output)
Fast to compute
Low collision probability
(Any two of these count as correct.)