A
Which behavior BEST demonstrates typical social development in a 10-month-old infant?
a) Crawling across the room
b) Drinking from a bottle
c) Waving “bye-bye” when prompted
d) Sleeping through the night
c) Waving “bye-bye” when prompted
What is a typical language milestone for a 4-year-old?
a) Reading novels independently
b) Speaking in complete situations
c) Writing complex situations
d) Understanding sarcasm fully
b) Speaking in complete situations
How do preschoolers typically demonstrate problem-solving skills?
a) Through trial and error
b) Analyzing complex situations
c) Negotiating agreements
d) Making informed decisions
a) Through trial and error
What fine motor skill should a 4-year-old typically be able to demonstrate?
a) Writing in cursive
b) Detailed portrait drawing
c) Drawing simple shapes
d) Complex origami
c) Drawing simple shapes
What type of play BEST supports cognitive development in preschoolers?
a) Imitative or dramatic play that encourage creativity, problem solving, and role exploration
b) Structured play with strict rules and minimal flexibility
c) Solitary play that avoids interaction with peers or caregivers
d) Physical play that focuses exclusively on motor skill development
a) Imitative or dramatic play that encourage creativity, problem solving, and role exploration
How do most 4-year-olds typically interact with their peers during play?
a) Engage in cooperative play with rules
b) Prefer play alone exclusively
c) Avoid all group activities
d) Play only with adults
a) Engage in cooperative play with rules
Expressing frustration, joy, and jealously is developing appropriate for toddlers in which area of development?
a) Physical
b) Cognitive
c) Language
d) Emotional
d) Emotional
What is typical language milestone for a 2-year-old?
a) Speaking in complete paragraphs
b) Using two-word phrases
c) Writing their name
d) Reading simple books
b) Using two-word phrases
Which term refers to the improvement of the skills involving the arms, legs, and whole-body movements?
a) Fine-Motor Development
b) Gross-Motor Development
c) Sensory Development
d) Cognitive Development
b) Gross-Motor Development
Which physical skill typically develops FIRST in infants?
a) Walking independently
b) Holding head steady
c) Standing alone
d) Jumping with both feet
b) Holding head steady
Twin sisters are raised in different homes after adoption. One grows up in a musical family and becomes a talented pianist, while the other shows no interest. This BEST demonstrates the influence of what factor?
a) Hereditary or genetic predisposition
b) Environmental influence
c) Cultural heritage
d) Psychological motivation
b) Environmental influence
Which BEST describe the emotional development and attachment process in infants?
a) Infants are born with fully developed emotional regulation skills
b) Attachment and bonding involve the infant learning to understand, express, and regulate emotions, and are influenced by the quality of caregiving
c) Emotional development in infants is unrelated to their relationships with primary caregiver
d) Infants develop emotional regulation regardless of early bonding experience
b) Attachment and bonding involve the infant learning to understand, express, and regulate emotions, and are influenced by the quality of caregiving
A 9-month-old infant pointing to objects they want is demonstrating what type of communication?
a) Verbal language
b) Nonverbal communication
c) Advanced vocabulary
d) Complex reasoning
b) Nonverbal communication
A 2-year-old begins to recognize and sort objects by color. What development domain is the toddler displaying?
a) Physical
b) Social
c) Cognitive/Intellectual
d) Emotional
c) Cognitive/Intellectual
Which physical skill typically develops FIRST in toddlers?
a) Jumping with both feet
b) Walking independently
c) Writing letters
d) Riding a bicycle
b) Walking independently
A 2-year-old who show no interest in other children and avoids eye contact may be showing signs of which?
a) Typical social independence
b) Typical emotional development
c) Atypical social development
d) Advanced cognitive development
c) Atypical social development
Which example describes an important POSITIVE influence on brain development even before birth?
a) Alcohol
b) Infections
c) Nutrition
D) Cigarettes
c) Nutrition
Which program was specifically designed to support low-income families and provide comprehensive services including health and nutrition?
a) Head start
b) Waldorf
c) Montessori
d) Reggio Emilia
a) Head start
Exposure to which chemicals during pregnancy can increase the risk of birth defects, developmental delays, and other health complications for the baby?
a) Lead, mercury, and pesticides
b) Vitamin D, folic acid, and calcium
c) Essential oils, caffeine, and iron supplements
d) Organic food preservatives, sugar substitutes, and herbal teas
a) Lead, mercury, and pesticides
According to current brain research, which factor has the GREATEST impact on early brain development?
a) Genetic predisposition
b) Natural maturation
c) Early experiences and interactions
d) Physical exercise
c) Early experiences and interactions
During which stage of prenatal development does the fertilized egg begin to divide and travel to the uterus?
a) Fetal Stage
b) Germinal Stage
c) Embryonic Stage
d) Neonatal Stage
b) Germinal Stage
According to Piaget’s theory, a child has developed egocentrism and can think about abstract concepts has reached which stage?
a) Sensorimotor stage
b) Preoperational stage
c) Concrete operational stage
d) Formal operational stage
d) Formal operational stage
Which statement is true about Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or FAS?
a) FAS cannot be prevented
b) FAS is caused by prescription drug
c) About 20% of children have FAS
d) There is no cure for FAS
d) There is no cure for FAS
Which definition BEST defines object permanence?
a) The concept that infants can cry when they need something
b) The concept that an infant’s brain develops mostly from 3 to 6 months
c) The understanding that something can be hidden from an infant and the infant will forget
d) The understanding that objects continue to exist even if the infant cannot see them
d) The understanding that objects continue to exist even if the infant cannot see them
What type of birth defect occurs when the tissue between the mouth and nose doesn’t join properly during prenatal development?
a) Cerebral palsy
b) Cleft lip/palate
c) Down syndrome
d) Neural tube defect
b) Cleft lip/palate