Energy
Microscopic building blocks, arrangement of smaller particles.
Atom
Types of charges
Protons and electrons
Earth is approximately _____ years old
4.6 billion
A group of parts that work together as a whole
A system
Thermal energy that's transferred by the movement of a fluid
Convection
Change of the color, shape, state of matter, or volume of a substance
Physical change
Like charges _____
Repel
What's a geologist?
Scientist who studies Earth’s crust as well as the processes and history that shaped it
What's energy?
The ability to do work
________ is a measure of how much mass there is in a given volume of a substance.
Density
A reaction that results in a decrease in temperature.
Endothermic Reaction
Opposite charges ______
Attract
What are the types of rock dating?
Relative Age Dating and Absolute Age Dating
Forces that construct or build up mountains
Constructive Forces
What are ways that heat transfers?
Radiation
Convection
Conduction
When two substances mix together and the temperature changes, this is a clue that a chemical reaction has occurred.
Chemical Reactions
Transfer of electrons through direct contact
All of Earth’s geological history represented on a chronological time chart
Geologic Time Scale
What are the components of the Earth?
Atmosphere
Geosphere
Hydrosphere
Biosphere
The heating and cooling of a fluid, changes the fluid's density, and the force of gravity combine to set convection currents in motion
Heating and cooling of fluid
Changes in a fluid’s density
Force of gravity
A reaction that results in an increase in temperature.
Exothermic Reaction
Charges are neither created nor destroyed
Law of Conservation of Charge
Uses the decay of radioactive elements to find the absolute age of a rock or fossil
Absolute Age
Destroy and wear away landmasses through processes like erosion and weathering
Destructive Forces
Heat released from Earth’s core _______________ throughout the mantle.
Drives convection currents