Evolution 1
Evolution 2
Evolution 3
Evolution 4
Evolution 5
100
The process in which a species has changed over time is known as this.
What is evolution?
100
He is known as the Father of Evolution
Darwin
100
The ability of an individual to survive and reproduce is known as this.
What is fitness?
100
This man worked with Darwin on his studies regarding natural selection, however, is not generally given credit for any of his work.
Alfred Wallace
100
A mistake in the genetic code of a section of DNA is known as a ______________.
mutation
200
Similar structures that evolved from a common ancestor such as bones humans, cats, bats, and whales have in common.
Homologous Structures
200
Scientist who added to Darwin's theory by clearing up how traits were passed down to offspring through his pea plant experiments.
Mendel
200
Any inherited trait that increases an organism's chance of survival is known as this.
What is an adaptation?
200
Darwin was from the 1800's. What part of modern science did he lack knowledge of in order to better explain how traits were passed down from parent to offspring?
genetics and DNA
200
When organisms of the same family begin to look different due to changes, which can eventually lead to speciation
What is divergent evolution
300
Preserved remains of ancient organisms
What are fossils?
300
This term refers to different traits and alleles within a population.
What is variation?
300
The concept that organisms who are the best suited to their environment will be the most successful
What is survival of the fittest?
300
This is a type of structure that was once used in a species, but has since evolved to be of no real use.
vestigial structure
300
French naturalist Lamarck is credited with one of the early theories of evolution. What did it say?
that organisms changed over time from simple to more complex by passing on acquired traits, things that they had changed about their physical self.
400
What characteristic did Darwin observe about the finches on the Galapagos Islands?
Their beaks!
400
The concept of humans selecting desired traits in species.
What is Artificial Selection?
400
Structures with similar functions but are not similar in origin like a butterfly wing and a bat wing. These are not proof of a common ancestor but proof that evolution can occur
Analogous Structures
400
This type of isolation is when individuals of a closely related species have different mating seasons/timings
What is temporal isolation?
400
When fossils are found in the same rock strata, or layer, what does that say about the organism?
They died at the same time
500
Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better suited to the environment survive and reproduce therefore passing down their genes to their offspring?
Natural Selection
500
The concept that members of each species are seeking the same food, space, and other necessities is known as this.
What is competition?
500
What theory stated that early photosynthetic bacteria were incorporated into plant cells, and early aerobic bacteria were incorporated into animal cells, giving rise to more complex organisms.
Endosymbiosis theory
500
This type of isolation occurs when mismatches in mating traits (signals and/or preferences) prevent mating between two species/populations.
What is behavioral isolation?
500
The earth supposedly began as a big ball of molten rock and metal approximately how long ago?
4.5 billion years
600
The "parent" species from which two or more separate species evolved is known as _____________.
a. population
b. species
c. common ancestor
C - common ancestor
600
When two or more species evolve together, sometimes in response to one another either beneficially or competitively. What is this evolutionary concept called?
What is coevolution?
600
The embryos of different organisms look similar because...
the developed from common ancestors
600
What are the 3 of the 5 evidences of evolution?
Structures, DNA, Fossils, Embryos, and geography
600
movement of genes into or out of a population. Such movement may be due to migration of individual organisms that reproduce in their new populations, or to the movement of gametes
Gene flow
700
Genetic drift is a reduction of alleles in a population. This type of genetic drift is when a small group moves away & start a new population
What is Founder's effect?
700
Genetic drift is a reduction in alleles in a population. This type of genetic drift is a chance event that drastically decreases population size, like a tsunami or earthquake, even drought
What is bottleneck effect?
700
The bones of this ocean animal (mammal) have been examined and proven that their ancestors at one time walked on land. They are distantly related to the hippopotamus.
What is a whale?
700
What are 2 of the 5 mechanisms of evolution - how have organisms been able to change
Gene flow, non-random mating, mutation, small population size, natural selection/adaptation
700
_________ describes evolution toward similar traits in unrelated species, like when animals look white and have lots of fur or fat in the Artic.
Convergent evolution