Stats Basics
The branch of statistics concerned with summarizing and describing collections of numbers, such as test scores.
What is descriptive statistics?
This type of analysis focuses on examining single variables one at a time, rather than relationships between variables.
What is univariate analysis?
This test is typically used to determine if a single sample comes from a population with a known mean.
What is a one-sample t-test?
The two general classes of two-sample tests discussed are these
What are unpaired t-tests (for independent groups) and paired t-tests?
The free, cloud-based SAS platform mentioned for academic use.
What is SAS OnDemand for Academics (ODA)?
The two main branches of statistics.
What are Descriptive and Inferential Statistics?
These two graphical techniques are mentioned as ways to examine the distribution of continuous variables like horsepower.
What are histograms and box plots?
The null hypothesis in the math program example stated that the program had this effect on scores.
What is no effect (mean difference of 0)?
An unpaired t-test is also known by this name, indicating the samples are not related.
What is a t-test for independent groups?
The interface used to interact with SAS ODA.
What is SAS Studio?
This type of statistics aims to determine if experimental results are "statistically significant" or likely occurred by chance
What is inferential statistics?
The distance between the first quartile (Q1) and the third quartile (Q3) in a box plot.
What is the interquartile range?
This theorem states that the sampling distribution will be normally distributed if the sample size is sufficiently large.
What is the central limit theorem?
The "Pooled" method for a t-test makes this assumption about the variances of the two groups
What is equal variances?
The pane on the left in SAS Studio showing Server Files, Tasks, and Libraries.
What is the Navigation Pane?
The mean, median, and mode are all measures of this property of a dataset.
What are measures of location or central tendency?
If a Q-Q plot shows data points falling along a straight line, it suggests the data has this type of distribution
What is a normal distribution?
If a t-test isn't appropriate due to a non-normal distribution with a small sample, this nonparametric alternative can be used for one sample.
What is the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test?
If the F test indicates that variances are not equal, the t- and p-values from this method should be chosen.
What is the Satterthwaite method (assumption of unequal variances)?
The SAS library where temporary datasets are often stored.
What is the WORK library?
This probability indicates the likelihood of obtaining a result as large or larger than measured by chance alone if the null hypothesis were true.
What is the p-value?
This term describes a distribution where extreme values are found in the right tail.
What is positive skewness (or skewed to the right)?
Failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is false (missing a real effect).
What is a Type II Error (False Negative)?
When assumptions for a parametric two-sample t-test are not met, this nonparametric counterpart can be used.
What is the Wilcoxon Rank Sum test?
The two main steps to get external data (like Excel) into SAS.
What are Uploading the file and Using the Import Data Task?