PLEASE
Congress could not collect taxes from the states.
Which national problem resulted from this weakness?
The government could not pay war debts
Trial Court → District Court of Appeal → Florida Supreme Court
Describe the role of the District Court of Appeal in this process...
It reviews decisions made by lower courts
“No state shall…deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.”
Which Supreme Court case most directly applied this principle to public education?
Brown v. Board of Education
Meet with lawmakers • Donate to campaigns • Organize rallies
What is best supported by this information?
Interest groups influence public policy
Federal → collect taxes
State → collect taxes
Which type of power is described?
Concurrent powers
“Government, even in its best state, is but a necessary evil…”
What was the main effect on the American colonists?
They encouraged independence from Britain
Congress passes a bill.
The president vetoes it.
Congress then votes again on the bill.
Which process is illustrated?
Amendment process
Application → Interview → Civics test → Oath ceremony
Why is the civics test included in this process?
To ensure new citizens understand U.S. government and history
“Electors shall vote separately for President and Vice President…”
Why was this amendment adopted
To prevent ties and confusion in presidential elections
Only the national government can coin money and regulate interstate commerce.
Which type of power is described?
Delegated powers
The passage below is from the Magna Carta (1215):
“No free man shall be seized or imprisoned…except by the lawful judgment of his equals…”
Which colonial grievance in the Declaration of Independence is most closely related to this idea?
Depriving colonists of trial by jury
The excerpt below is from Federalist No. 51 (James Madison): “Ambition must be made to counteract ambition.”
What constitutional principle is Madison describing?
Checks and balances
Powers related to foreign policy.
President → negotiates treaties
Senate → approves treaties
Which conclusion is best supported by this chart?
Foreign policy powers are shared between branches
Citizens vote → Electors are chosen → Electors vote for president
Describe the purpose of this system...
To balance popular participation with state representation
Local → State → National
Which principle of government is illustrated?
Federalism
Magna Carta → Limited government
Mayflower Compact → Self‑government
Montesquieu → ?
Checks and balances / Separation of Powers
Legislative → makes laws
Executive → enforces laws
Judicial → interprets laws
Which principle of government is illustrated?
Separation of powers
A suspect must be informed of the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney.
Which Supreme Court decision established this protection?
Miranda v. Arizona
A student wears an armband to protest a government policy at school.
Which Supreme Court decision established that students have First Amendment...
Tinker v. Des Moines
Capitalism → private ownership, free markets
Communism → government control of production
What advantage of capitalism is most directly shown by this comparison?
Economic freedom and private opportunity
“Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed…”
Which principle of government is described
Consent of the governed
“…establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense…”
Which purpose of government is described by this phrase?
Promoting national security
Constitutional amendments.
15th: race -- 19th: gender -- 24th: poll tax -- 26th – age
What is the main idea for these amendments?
They expanded voting rights
Miranda v. Arizona → suspects must be informed of their rights
Gideon v. Wainwright → defendants have the right to an attorney
What constitutional protection is strengthened by both decisions?
Due process of law
A news investigation reveals corruption, leading voters to demand reforms.
What is the role of the media...
Informing the public and monitoring government