Define the nature of planning
__________ involves defining the organization's goals, establishing strategies for achieving those goals, and developing plans to integrate and coordinate work activities.
Planning
Most companies' plans can be classified as either strategic or _________.
operational
Top executives are mainly involved in __________ planning.
strategic
An organization's _______ goals are official statements of what an organization says, and what it wants its stakeholders to believe its goals are.
stated
One planning tool that emerged from the video game industry is virtual ________.
reality
The effect of planning on managers is that it forces them to anticipate and respond to ________.
change
________ plans apply to the entire organization and establish the organization's overall goals.
Strategic
The commitment concept states that the more the current plans affect future commitments, the _________ the time frame for which management should plan.
longer
Organizational members' _________ would be the best indicator of an organization's real goals.
actions
Competitive _________ refers to gathering information about competitors to help you anticipate their actions.
intelligence
When formal planning fails to lead to higher performance _________ forces constrain managers' options.
external
Strategic plans are usually long term, directional, and _______.
single use
________ planning dominates managers' planning efforts at lower levels of the organization.
Operational
Management by _________ is a process of setting mutually-agreed upon goals and using those goals to evaluate employee performance.
objectives
_________ scanning refers to an organization screening vast amounts of information to detect trends.
Environmental
Formal planning is associated with positive _________ results.
financial
Operational plans are usually short term, specific, and _______.
standing
When uncertainty is high, plans should be ________ and flexible.
specific
In _______ goal setting, goals set by top managers flow down through the organization and become subgoals for each organizational area.
traditional
Competitive intelligence is ethical if competitor-related information is collected from sources accessible and available to the ________.
public
When work activities are coordinated around plans, _________ become obvious.
inefficiencies
________ are desired outcomes, and plans describe how those outcomes will be accomplished.
Goals
The rapid pace of __________ change suggests that managers need to be very flexible.
technological
A problem associated with _______ goal setting is that clarity is lost as the goals make their way down from the top of the organization to lower levels.
traditional
Corporate _________ involves the theft of proprietary materials or trade secrets by any means.
espionage