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What are three branches of ethics?
metaethics, normative ethics and applied ethics.
Which philosopher says that rights should be grounded in experiencing subjects of life?
Tom Regan
Who founded the Society of Jesus?
Ignatius
That it does not pertain to right or wrong.
What would a relativist advise for the following situation and why: A girl asks the relativist if he thinks it moral for her to get an abortion.
He would say if you think it is right, then it is right because a relativist believes all truth is subjective.
Character type of Aristotle that gives into pleasure and does the wrong thing.
Incontinent
What is the veil of ignorance and which philosopher came up with it?
Who wrote the Nichomichean Ethics?
Aristotle
To Do Good and Avoid Evil.
The First Precept of Natural Law
How would Aristotle approach this dilemma:
A student sees their friend being teased in the cafeteria. Speaking up could make the teasing stop, but it might also draw attention and embarrassment to themselves. They must decide whether to defend their friend or stay silent.
What is the virtuous action?
Find the golden mean between brash and do nothing. Maybe distract the bullies and pull their attention to himself.
Justice: In justice, he should step in.
Fortitude: needs to exhibit strength, even when faced with difficulty.
What are the four basic goods of natural law?
truth, justice, procreation/rearing of children, life preservation
What are the two formulas of the Categorical Imperative in Kantian Ethics?
Formula of the End in Itself and Formula of the Universal Law.
Who is the founder of Utilitarianism?
Bentham
This is moral command that Kant says that you most obey.
Categorical Imperative
A scientist debates testing on animals to develop a life-saving medicine. How would Regan evaluate this and why? You must use proper terms.
Regan would say that an animal is an experiencing subject of life that should be treated respectfully. He would further say that doctors have a moral obligation as moral agents to treat animals that are moral patients with respect.
What does Gula say is the good life?
graced living.
In Loving the Good Life, Fr. Gula emphasizes the ethics of being. Which normative ethics relates most directly to the ethics of being?
Virtue Ethics.
Who was a prodigy and experienced severe depression in his twenties?
John Stewart Mill
Hedonism
Evaluate this scenario through the moral act: An employee uncovers unethical practices at their company that could endanger lives. Reporting it would lead to losing their job and possibly being blacklisted. He decides to do nothing.
Object: says nothing about unethical practices
Intention: keep his job
Circumstances: could endanger lives
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immoral. responsible to protect life even if sacrifce to self.
What is a synonom for authentic freedom?
What are the parts of the person according to Aristotle? Must give all.
Rational (judges) Non-Rational - Appetitive (desires) and Vegetative (body functions like heart beat).
What is the name of Locke's famous work on democracy?
The Second Treatise on Government
List and define the four cardinal virtues
Prudence: common sense; practical wisdom
Temperance: appropriate pleasure
Fortitude: strength to handle hard situations.
Justice: treat others fairly
How would Aristotle, Mill and Kant evaluate this scenario? You must use important terms:
A student is struggling to pass an important test. They notice the answer sheet left unattended on the teacher’s desk. The student debates whether to use the answer sheet to cheat.
Aristotle would say that the student can only achieve eudaimonia through virtue. Therefore, he would advise the student not to cheat and to lean into fortitude. etc.
Mill might apply the principle of utility and say that it could be beneficial in the short term to cheat. However, likely he would apply rule utilitarianism and say that in the long term that is not beneficial.
Kant would say cheating is wrong. He would apply the universal law and say that if everyone cheated then tests would be meaningless.