Vocabulary
A deadly disease spread by fleas that killed about one third of Europe.
Bubonic plague (Black Death)
The king who strengthened royal courts and required trials with judges and juries
Henry II
The system in which nobles owned land and peasants worked it for protection
Feudalism
This document limited the power of the monarch.
Magna Carta
The plague caused a shortage of this.
Laborers/peasants/workers
The legal idea that a person cannot be jailed without being charged with a crime.
Habeas corpus
The English king forced to sign Magna Carta
John
The idea that everyone, including rulers, must obey the law
Rule of law
This king created the Model Parliament.
Edward I
After the plague, peasants demanded higher wages and more ____________.
Rights
A written agreement signed in 1215 that limited the English king's power.
Magna Carta
The teenage girl who inspired French unity during the Hundred Years’ War
Joan of Arc
The growing sense of loyalty to one’s country during the Hundred Years’ War
Nationalism
Henry II's reforms strengthened these courts.
Royal courts
The weapon that reduced the importance of knights.
Longbow
A governing body created by Edward I that included commoners.
Model Parliament
The long war fought between England and France from 1337 to 1453
Hundred Years' War
The shift of power from nobles to this group after the plague and war
Common people (peasants)
Magna Carta required the king to consult these groups before taxing
Nobles and Church leaders
Castles became less effective because of _________, a new war technology.
Cannons/gunpowder
A person whose beliefs go against official religious teachings
Heretic
The battle where English longbows helped defeat French knights in 1346
Battle of Crécy
The type of government ideas that began developing as feudalism declined
Democratic ideas/democracy
These political changes weakened feudalism by reducing the power of _________.
Nobles/feudal lords
Both the plague and the Hundred Years' War helped shift power to this group.
Common people