South Africa
What was the primary goal of the anti-apartheid movement in South Africa?
racial segregation and discrimination
What was the primary aim of the Khmer Rouge during their rule?
to create communist society (by forcibly relocating people, abolishing cities, and Killing perceived enemies of the state)
to gain full independence for Vietnam by overthrowing French colonialism
What philosophy did Mahatma Gandhi advocate to achieve independence from British rule?
nonviolent resistance or satyagraha
What were the main reasons for Ghana's push for independence
What is the desire for self-rule
Who was the prominent leader that fought against apartheid and became a symbol of resistance?
Nelson Mandela
How did the decolonization of Cambodia affect its political landscape?
led to Cambodia gaining full independence from France in 1953, after it established a one-party system?
it led to the French defeat, forcing France to negotiate the Geneva Accords, which divided Vietnam and set the stage for its eventual reunification and independence
What role did civil disobedience play in India's fight for independence?
it helped mass protests against British laws through peaceful noncompliance, weakening colonial authority
How did the Mau Mau Uprising help Kenya gain independence?
it exposed the vulnerability of British colonial rule
How did the Sharpeville Massacre influence the anti-apartheid movement?
Strengthening of the movement
it destabilized Cambodia,
What was the role of propaganda in mobilizing support for Vietnam's independence?
it united the Vietnamese people through nationalist messaging
What was the significance of the Salt March in the Indian independence movement
symbolized resistance to British rule, united Indians across class lines
Belgian colonial policy of favoring the Tutsi minority over the Hutu majority
Explain the impact of international support on the decolonization efforts in South Africa.
International support significantly amplified the internal resistance to apartheid and made it increasingly difficult for the South African government to maintain its oppressive system
How did nationalism influence the Cambodian struggle for independence?
it inspired a unified movement that used nationalism to rally support, gain independence
How did the conflict with the United States shape Vietnam's struggle for freedom?
it intensified Vietnam's fight for independence by portraying the U.S. as a foreign oppressor
Discuss the role of non-violent protest in India's struggle for independence.
served as a powerful tool to challenge British authority, and maintain moral high ground through peaceful resistance
How did colonial rule affect the daily lives of people in Kenya and Ghana
it disrupted traditional customs and way of life
Describe how the end of apartheid transformed South African society.
establishment of a democratic government, allowing all South Africans—regardless of race—to vote and participate equally in political life. It also began a long process of addressing economic inequality
Khmer Rouge's policies led to the deaths of 1.5 to 2 million people, the destruction of cultural heritage
Discuss the significance of the Geneva Conference for Vietnam's future
marked the end of French colonial rule
Explain the impact of British economic policies on India's quest for independence.
they caused widespread poverty and resentment by exploiting resources, destroying local industries, and prioritizing British economic interests, fueling the demand for self-rule
political instability, economic dependency, ethnic conflicts, and infrastructure deficits