India
Who was the leader of India’s nonviolent independence movement against British rule?
Mohandas Gandhi
What was the system of legal racial segregation in South Africa?
Apartheid
Who led the Communist Revolution in China in 1949 and won the civil war?
Mao Zedong
Who became the religious leader of Iran after the 1979 revolution and turned Iran into a theocracy (laws based on religion)?
Ayatollah Khomeini
How were the goals of Kwame Nkrumah, Jomo Kenyatta, and Gandhi similar?
All three leaders aimed to achieve independence for their countries from European colonial powers and believed in national self-determination and unity for their people.
What was the name of Gandhi’s 1930 protest against British salt taxes?
Salt March
Who became the first President of independent Kenya?
Jomo Kenyatta
What was the name of Mao’s movement, led by the Red Guards, that tried to bring back revolutionary ideas by attacking teachers, old traditions, and anything seen as “old”?"
Cultural Revolution
Which international organization has tried to help solve the conflict between Israel and Palestine by proposing peace plans and peacekeeping efforts?
United Nations
What is one similarity between Gandhi’s use of civil disobedience and Kwame Nkrumah’s leadership in Ghana?
Both used peaceful protests and boycotts to fight against British colonial rule
The Salt March (making their own salt) and Homespun movement (Indians making their own clothes) are examples of this peaceful protests called...
Civil Disobedience
Who led Ghana to independence from Britain and became its first Prime Minister?
Kwame Nkruhmah
Who introduced the “Four Modernizations” in China to reform the economy and the "One Child Policy" to control China's growing population?
Deng Xiaoping
What happened to women's rights in Iran after the revolution?
reduced, including dress codes and job restrictions
How did Deng Xiaoping’s leadership differ from Mao Zedong’s when it came to China’s economy and political control?
Deng Xiaoping let people have more freedom to start businesses and make money, and he welcomed foreign trade and investment to help China grow. But he still kept strong control over the government. Mao, on the other hand, controlled both the economy and government very strictly, didn’t trust foreigners, and used campaigns like the Cultural Revolution to make sure everyone followed his rules.
What strong belief in national pride and self-rule motivated Indians to fight for independence from British colonial rule?
Nationalism
Who led the fight against apartheid in South Africa and helped secure voting rights for all citizens through universal suffrage?
Nelson Mandela
What was the problem with Deng Xiaoping’s changes to China’s economy and government?
More economic freedom but no political freedom
What was one main reason Iranians opposed the Shah before the 1979 revolution, leading to the rise of Ayatollah Khomeini?
because many Iranians saw the Shah’s government as corrupt, repressive, and too influenced by Western countries
How did Deng Xiaoping and Ayatollah Khomeini both limit freedom, but in different ways?
Deng Xiaoping gave people more economic freedom by allowing market reforms, but he limited political freedom by keeping tight control over the Communist Party. In contrast, Ayatollah Khomeini restricted both cultural and personal freedoms through strict Islamic law and reduced rights for women.
What region has been the center of a long-standing territorial conflict between India and Pakistan since the partition in 1947?
Kashmir
Name one way African nations faced challenges after independence.
Ethnic Conflict, Corruption, Poverty or lack of infrastructure (roads, schools, electricity etc)
What major 1989 event happened during Deng Xiaoping’s leadership, where the Chinese government used force to stop student protests calling for more political freedom?
Tiananmen Square Massacre
Many women in Iran still face today, shown by strict dress codes, punishments for not wearing a hijab, and being banned from certain jobs and activities. What enduring issue best fits this current event?
Human Rights Violation/Power/Inequality
What are other examples in history or today—besides Iran—where women did not have rights?
1. Women in Afghanistan under the Taliban
2. Women who couldn’t vote or own property until 19th century
3. Women in Saudi Arabia (until recently) who were not allowed to drive cars or travel alone without permission from a male family member