animals
This fish uses a bioluminescent lure on its head to attract prey in the darkness.
anglerfish
This type of marine plant has completely submerged flowers and forms vast underwater meadows.
sea grass
This process by which molten material adds new oceanic crust to the ocean floor.
sea floor spreading
This term refers to the ability of deep-sea organisms to produce their own light for communication, attracting mates, or scaring predators.
bioluminescence
This large cephalopod is a major rival of the sperm whale
a Colossal Squid (or Giant Squid)
This crustacean can make a noise louder than a jet engine
mantis shrimp
Instead of relying on sunlight, organisms in deep-sea vents use this process to create energy.
Chemosynthesis
This is the term for the constant shower of organic debris (dead plankton, fecal pellets) falling from the surface to the deep ocean.
marean snow
Because this color light cannot reach the deep ocean, organisms that are this color appear invisible, making it a great camouflage
red
This deep-sea creature has no heart or brain and looks like an underwater flower.
a sea anemone
These, not plants, are the primary food source for creatures living around hydrothermal vents.
bacterea
These microscopic plants are found only in the top layer of the ocean, or epipelagic zone, where light is plentiful.
phytoplanction
These vent hydrothermal fluids on the sea floor, often supporting entire ecosystems without sunlight.
hydrothermal vents
This type of camouflage, used by fish like the viperfish, uses light on their bellies to match downwelling light, making them invisible from below.
counter-illumination
This is the largest and deepest ocean on Earth.
Pacific Ocean
These deep-sea animals live near hydrothermal vents and have no mouth or stomach and are a type of worm.
tube worms
True or False: Seaweeds are able to photosynthesize on more than one side of their blade structure.
True
This ecological event occurs when a large whale dies and sinks to the seafloor, providing food for specialized creatures for decades.
whale fall
This is the primary reason deep-sea fish have massive teeth and distensible stomachs.
to consume very large or rare prey
This zone, also known as the twilight zone, begins at a depth of 1,000 meters.
the midnight zone (or bathypelagic zone)
This fish has a highly distensible jaw and stomach, allowing it to eat prey larger than itself.
gulper eel
This gas-filled bubble structure acts as a buoy for seaweed blades.
Pneumatocysts
These underwater lakes, or basins of highly dense, salty water, can be found in deep ocean crevices and are highly toxic to many creatures.
brine pools
These cells have adapted to maintain fluidity despite near-freezing temperatures.
membranes
Scientists estimate that this percentage of the ocean floor remains unmapped.
75%