Our Universe
Stars
Our Solar System
Wild Card
100
What is our universe?
EVERYTHING. All time, space, energy and matter.
100
What is a star?
a large ball of gas that has gravity and produces its own light/energy
100
List the planets in order of increasing distance from the sun.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune
100
What model of our solar system is shown in the image below?
Heliocentric (sun-centered)
200
Explain how our universe formed.
A singularity (very small, hot, dense point) exploded in what we know as the Big Bang.
200
How are stars classified?
Based on their temperature and luminosity.
200
Complete this sentence:
Compared to the terrestrial planets, the jovian planets are . . .
- larger
-less dense
- made of gas
- further from the sun
200
Approximately how far is the asteroid belt from the sun?
between 230 and 770 million km
300
List the following terms in order from smallest to largest.
moon, solar system, universe, star, galaxy, planet, sun
moon, planet, star, solar system, galaxy, universe
300
Name 1 similarity and 1 difference between Spica and Proxima Centauri.
Similarity: both are main sequence (young) stars
Differences:
- Spica is much larger
-Spica is much brighter
-Spica is much hotter
300
What is the difference between the period of rotation and the period of revolution?
Rotation is how long it takes to spin on its axis (1 day)
Revolution is how long it takes to make a lap/orbit around the sun (1 year)
300
Which planet would float if it were placed in water?
Saturn
400
What evidence do we have supporting the theory of the Big Bang?
1. Constant Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
2. The Doppler Effect and Red Shift
400
List 3 differences between Deneb and Procyon B.
1. Deneb is much larger than Procyon B.
2. Deneb is much more luminous (brighter) than Procyon B.
3. Deneb is younger than Procyon B.
400
Which planet is about 20 times further from the sun than the Earth is?
Uranus
400
A distant comet is heading towards earth.
1. How do we know this?
2. What is a comet?
1. It is showing a blue doppler shift
2. A comet is a ball of frozen gas, rock and dust
500
Explain in detail what the red shift is and what this tells us about our universe.
When an object (a star) is moving away from earth, the wavelengths get extended or stretched further, causing them to shift towards the red end of the visible light spectrum. Everything in our universe shows a red shift, meaning that everything is moving further away and expanding. 
500
Draw or describe the lifecycle of a star (any mass).
500
What planetary feature would best be placed on the Y Axis of this graph to make it true?
Equatorial Diameter (thousands of km)
500
Fill in the blank -
Since the formation of the universe, about 13.7 billion years ago, humans have only existed for ____% of time.
0.001%