Endocrine
This hormone is involved in hyperpituitarism to cause gigantism and acromegaly
What is excess growth hormone?
This developmental defect occurs when structures of the lip or palate fail to fuse during embryonic development, often leading to feeding and speech difficulties.
What is a Cleft palate?
This rare genetic disorder causes a cyclic decrease in neutrophils lasting 2-3 days between 21-27 day intervals.
What is cyclic neutropenia?
The basement membrane remains intact in this condition, malignant cells cannot spread to different sites, and only slight changes to the epithelium.
Mild Dysplasia
Intestinal polyps present and Hypercementosis and teeth can fail to erupt
Gardner Syndrome
This type of hyperpituitarism more commonly occurs in adults and results in the enlargement of parts of the body, including the hands, feet, and tongue
What is acromegaly?
This condition presents with hypoplasia of the zygomatic bones and mandible, giving the face a sunken or “fish-like” appearance.
What is Mandibulofacial Dysostosis/ Treacher Collins Syndrome?
A patient presents with excess bony growths on the lingual cortical plate of the mandible and the palatine bone caused by autosomal dominant inheritance.
What is mandibular tori and palatal tori?
This term describes abnormal, uncontrolled, and purposeless tissue growth that persists even after the original stimulus is removed
Neoplasia
This patient has evident red scaly spots on the palms of his hands; no TX
Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome
This type of hypopituitarism most commonly occurs in children and usually causes stunted growth mentally and physically. This can appear as dwarfism.
What is cretinism?
This genetic gingival enlargement may appear as an isolated finding or as part of syndromes like Zimmermann-Lab
Inherited gingival fibromatosis
This hereditary condition causes delayed tooth eruption, and has observable physical changes such as an underdeveloped clavicle and a long/narrow neck.
What is Cleidocranial dysplasia?
This is a severe type of dysplasia that extends throughout the thickness of the epithelium but remains localized within the site of proliferation.
What is carcinoma in situ?
This rare genetic condition is characterized by a slow, progressive overgrowth of the gum tissue, which can cover teeth, delay tooth eruption, and make oral hygiene difficult
What is inherited gingival fibromatosis?
Your patient reports untreated hypothyroidism in their medical history after they were diagnosed over a year ago. Their E/I shows facial edema, puffy lips, enlarged tongue, and enlarged gingiva
What is myxedema?
This autosomal dominant disorder presents with multiple neurofibromas and distinctive café-au-lait spots, with tumors that may appear on the skin and oral mucosa.
Von Recklinghausen disease
This autosomal dominant disorder presents with many scattered red macules. The histology report shows enlarged capillaries near the surface epithelium. There is a concern for gingival hemorrhage during treatment.
What is Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia/ Osler-Rendu-Parkes Weber Syndrome?
This hematologic condition is characterized by an abnormally low neutrophil count, placing patients at increased risk for severe infections, oral ulcerations, and delayed healing.
Neutropenia
Multiple neurofibromas varying in size throughout the skin may turn malignant.
Vonrecklinghausen Disease
A patient presents with rosy complexion, heart palpitations, and trembling hands and exophthalmus. She reports losing weight without trying and has been experiencing hair loss and intolerance to heat
What is hyperthyroidism?
This autosomal dominant condition is characterized by multiple odontogenic keratocysts appearing at a young age, along with basal cell carcinomas and an increased distance between the eyes.
What is Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma?
A pediatric patient appears with bilateral facial swelling that resulted in displacement of the eyes. Their parent reports that the swelling appeared when they were 2 yrs old. The patient has delayed eruption of their primary teeth and their panoramic shows a soap-bubble appearance of the full mandible and the maxillary tuberosity. The histopathology report shows fibrous connective tissue with multinucleated giant cells
What is cherubism?
This inherited vascular disorder presents with telangiectasias, recurrent epistaxis, and arteriovenous malformations that may appear as red or purple oral lesions prone to bleeding during dental procedures.
What is Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia/ Osler-Rendu-Parkes Weber Syndrome
These patients often present with frequent nosebleeds, small red spots on the skin and mucous membranes (telangiectasias), and may have arteriovenous malformations affecting organs like the lungs and brain
What is Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome?