British Politics
Britain generally achieved change through _____________ rather than revolution.
reform
The second-longest-reigning monarch in British history
The ruler of France who established the Second Empire following the Revolution of 1848
the idea that the United States was destined to spread across the entire continent
Manifest Destiny
The leader of the Conservative Party (formerly the Tories)
Benjamin Disraeli
Name the two political parties in the 1830s and the interests they represented.
Whigs represented middle-class and business interests
Tories represented nobles and landowners
The act of Parliament which doubled the electorate by extending the vote to many working class men
The Reform Bill of 1867
Linked the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean
The Suez Canal
The action that began the U.S. Civil War
11 Southern states seceded (withdrew) from the Union and formed the Confederate States of America
The leader of the Liberal Party (formerly the Whigs)
William Galdstone
Towns whose population declined to the point that they had few voters yet they still sent members to Parliament while populous new industrial cities like Manchester had no seats because they had not existed as population centers in earlier times
rotten boroughs
The high British tariffs on imported grain, supported by farmers and wealthy land owners but opposed by free trade advocates
The Corn Laws
A radical organization of workers, socialists, and bourgeois republicans who resisted the harsh peace with Germany and took over Paris in 1871
The Paris Commune
legal separation of races
segregation
The provisional government of France evolved into ___________________ with a National Assembly that remained in place for 70 years
Third Republic
The act of Parliament which redistributed seats in the House of Commons, giving representation to large towns and cities and eliminating rotten boroughs
The Reform Act of 1832
A form of government in which the executive leaders (prime minister and cabinet) are chosen by and responsible to the legislature (of which they are members)
parliamentary democracy
The false conviction of a Jewish French army officer demonstrated the prevalence of anti-Semitism and impacted French society and politics for decades
The Dreyfus Affair
The Progressive Movement’s crowning achievement
the 19th Amendment which granted women the vote
a movement devoted to rebuilding a Jewish state in the ancient Jewish homeland
Zionism
List two of the four goals advance by the Chartists in the People's Charter
Universal male suffrage
Annual parliamentary elections
Salaries for members of Parliament
Secret ballot
The Act in 1829 which allowed Irish Catholics to vote and hold political office
The Catholic Emancipation Act
The two results of the Franco-Prussian War that embittered the French towards the Germans
surrendered the provinces of Alsace and Lorraine
had to pay a large sum to Germany
List two of the four factors that caused the United States grew to lead the world in industrial and agricultural production after the Civil War
Political stability
Private property rights and a free enterprise economic system
Inexpensive supply of land (from territorial expansion) and labor (from immigration)
A growing network of transportation and communication technologies
“the Liberator” who led the movement of “Ireland for the Irish”
Daniel O'Connell