Enlightenment & American Revolutions
What was the colonists’ biggest grievance against the English Crown?
Taxation without representation
What were the three social groups in France called?
Commoners, Clergy, and Nobility
Who became the leader most associated with the Reign of Terror?
Robespierre
What was Napoleon’s uniform set of laws called?
Napoleonic Code
What happened to the Three Estates as a result of the French Revolution?
They were dissolved.
Which Enlightenment thinker influenced the idea of “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness”?
John Locke
What meeting was called because of the problem of France’s unequal tax burden?
The Estates General
What punisment method did Robespierre use to protect the Revolution?
Public Execution (Guillotine)
What country was Napoleon trying to isolate with the Continental System?
Britian
What meeting attempted to restore Europe after Napoleon?
Congress of Vienna
Which Enlightenment thinker promoted separating the powers of government?
Montesquieu
What disagreement arose over voting at the Estates General?
How many votes each Estate would receive / voting by Estate vs. representation.
ONE VOTE FOR EACH ESTATE
What happened to King Louis XVI?
He was tried for treason and executed.
Name one change associated with Napoleon's rule.
Napoleonic Code, government chooses school leaders, Catholic Church was allowed to be practiced by citizens, and Napoleon was crowned leader for life.
What was one major goal of the Congress of Vienna?
Balance power (countries), police Europe, and restore traditional monarchs.
What TWO important American document was influenced by Enlightenment ideas about natural rights?
Declaration of Independence and Bill of Rights
What document declared that men were “born and remain free and equal in rights”?
Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
What caused the Reign of Terror?
The execution of King Louis XVI and the desire to rid from from enemies of the revolution.
What invasion became a major disaster for Napoleon?
The invasion of Russia
Under Napoleon, what changes were made to religion?
Bonus points, if you can name TWO!
1. The Catholic Church was allowed to be practiced.
2. Napoleon will choose church leaders.
Explain one way Enlightenment ideas influenced the new American government.
Example: Natural rights influenced the Declaration; separation of powers influenced the structure of government.
Why was changing the tax system an important goal of the French Revolution?
The tax burden was unequal; revolutionaries wanted a more equal society.
Why could the Reign of Terror be considered contradictory to the goals of the French Revolution?
The Revolution promoted liberty and rights, but the Terror used fear, executions, and repression.
* Did not provide fair trials/punishments
What happened at the Battle of Waterloo?
Napoleon was defeated by major powers, and permanentely exiled.
DOUBLE JEOPARDY:
Name TWO lasting impacts of the French Revolution.
700 POINTS
Possible Answers : Three Estates dissolved; Enlightenment ideas reflected in the Napoleonic Code; greater separation of church and state.