Density
when will a substance sink?
if the density of a substance is greater than the density of the fluid
A substance generally has a greater density in its solid state than in its liquid or gas state, what is an exception to this?
Water!
how is density calculated?
Density = mass/ volume
what is one liquid that will float in water and why?
less dense than water
does a fluid exert a force that pushes matter upward or downward?
Upward
When will a substance float?
if the density of a substance is less than the density of the fluid
what happens when a substance is cooled down?
the particles move slower and closer together
A 2.0 mL sample of a liquid has a mass of 6g. what is the density? Use units!
Mass = 6g / 2.0mL = 3g/mL
what is a force?
a push or pull that acts on an object
what is a plimsoll line?
The Plimsoll Line shows how heavily a ship can be safely loaded in different water conditions
What happens if a substance is the same density as the fluid?
the substance will "hover" in place
what happens to particles when they're warmed up?
the particles move faster and farther apart
The unit for measuring the density of liquids is usually...?
g/mL
grams per millimeter
what is the measuring unit of force?
the Newton
On a plimsoll line, the marks on the left indicate...
where the waterline should be in freshwater
Does warm water or cold water have a higher density?
Cold water has a higher density
why does ice float in water?
The particles in water move slightly farther apart as the water freezes, so ice is less dense than liquid water
For gases, the most commonly used unit to measure density is...
kg/L
kilograms per litre
How does earth's gravitational force attract matter?
downward toward the earth's centre
what is the Archimedes' Principle?
States that the buoyancy force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object
Warm air has a higher density than cold air, true or false?
False
what happens when a substance has the same number of particles, but in a larger volume?
the density decreases
The unit for measuring density of solids is usually...
g/cm^3
grams per cubic centimetre
what is buoyant force?
the upward force exerted by a fluid
why does a ship sink lower in fresh water?
fresh water is less dense than salt water