Properties of Materials/Intro
Does high viscosity flow poorly or easily? Give two examples of high viscosity liquids.
poorly
is SDF restorative or temporary and when staining will it stain all teeth or just ones with active lesions?
temporary, only active lesions
Identify each as Resin-Based or GIC:
1 - Hydrophilic
2 - requires adhesive
3 - releases fluoride
4 - higher tensile strength
1 - GIC
2 - Resin
3 - GIC
4 - Resin
What is 2 things found in the composition of filler (there are 4 total but name 2)
Glass, Quartz, Silica, Zirconia
zinc oxide + eugenol = ____, is temporary cement
ZOE
Dental Materials falls under the umbrella of _______. (define this term)
biomaterials - man-made materials that are used to replace tissues or that function in intimate contact with living tissues
A 8 year old patient who is scared of the dentist presents 3 cavities and once diagnosed by the dentist they are offered the option of SDF. After the dad does research he is concerned about reading about the silver intake. How do you go about educating him and his child about the contents of SDF and how it is safely used?
one or both may be used as an answer (or even if a creative response used can be counted):
- one drop can treat 5-6 teeth
- need 200-400 full applications of SDF over lifetime to approach toxicity
- exceeds daily cumulative over lifetime but well below toxicity concentrations
4 Steps to using the diagnodent and what are 2 reasons for false positives
Steps-
1. clean tooth
2. calibrate
3. zero base line reading
4. scan teeth
False positives - soiling, composite fillings, calc, rood residue, discolored teeth, remineralized caries
Define the identification factor as more filled or less filled:
1 - Smoother surface
2 - better polish retention
3 - strong surface
4 - less shrinkage
5 - flowable
1 - less
2 - less
3 - more
4 - more
5 - less
what are some purposes of temporary cements (name 2)? what are some purposes of permanent cements (name 2)?
- temporary: holds temporary crown in place, easy to remove, protects prepared tooth
- permanent: retention of permanent indirect restoration, difficult to remove, protects the natural tooth from micro leakage, releases fluoride somethings, stronger, less soluble, long term
What are the 3 ways we classify dental materials and identify what goes into each category.
1. Use - restoration, preventative
2. Location of Fabrication - direct and indirect
3. Longevity - permanent, temporary, interim (long term temporary)
any 3 of these may be used:
- esthetics
- remineralize by releasing fluroide
- bonds to moist surface cutting off nutrient sources for bacteria
- helps restore shape and function
what is the acid and % for acid etching
37% (3/8) orthophosphoric acid
When polishing amalgams, what are the three names and what order do they go in? What is each ones finish like? What conditions do we want to use (name two)?
Brownies - initial smooth satin finish
Greenies - smooth shiny finish
Super greenies - smooth polished finish
conditions - light, low speed, wet conditions
Regarding pulp protection, what is a liner vs a base? Describe the differences, what are the names of them,
Liner - protects pulp from chemical irritation by stimulating secondary dentin formation, no thermal protection, weaker, calcium hydroxide liner
Base - can irritate pulp but may release fluoride and support restoration, thermal protection, thick and strong, glass ionomer
Identify the 6 GV Black classifications
class I - occlusal surface of posterior teeth
class II - in between posterior teeth
class III - in between anterior teeth
class IV - side and incisal edge of anterior teeth
class V - gumline (anterior or posterior)
class VI - related to wear of incisal edge or cusp tips of tooth
Give 5 examples of people who may need to go the SDF/SMART route
any of these can be used:
- high caries risk
- delay in sedation
- many lesions that may need to be treated in more than one appointment
- poor access to care and/or finance barriers
- recurrent caries in margins of restorations
- difficult to treat areas
- little kids
- elderly
- primary teeth with decay that will soon be out
- special needs
- more may be said!
Describe Sensitivity vs Specificity
sensitivity - test ability to correctly identify people who HAVE disease or TRUE POSITIVES
specificity - test ability to correctly identify people who DO NOT HAVE the disease or TRUE NEGATIVES
Amalgam alloy has 4 things within it, what are they and what is their purpose?
Hint (percentages)- ____65%(low) or 75%-95% (high), ___ 25%, ___less than 6%, ____ 0.01% or greater
silver 65%(low) or 75%-95% - low has less, high has more. purpose is to cause setting expansion and increase strength and corrosion resistance
tin 25% - causes setting contraction and decreases strength and corrosion resistance
copper less than 6%- similar function to silver
zinc 0.01% or greater - reduces oxidation of other metals in alloy
Regarding dental cements there are 2 types of powder and 3 types of liquids. What are they called?
powders - zinc oxide, powdered glass
liquids - eugenol, phosphoric, polyacrylic
identify - Stress, Strain, Hardness, Toughness, Abrasion Resistance (I know this is difficult but I think this is really good to keep straight)
Hardness - Ability to resist permanent surface deformation, indents, scratches, or penetration
Toughness - ability to absorb energy and deform before fracturing
Abrasion Resistance - ability to resist wear when rubbed, brushed, or scraped
Stress - internal resistance of a material to an external force
Strain - actual change in shape or deformation that occurs because of that stress
SDF has a 62% water solvent/base meaning that 38% of it is the solution, what 3 things are involved in this solution and what is the purpose of each?
Hint - the percentages are 25% _____, 8% ____, 5% _____
25% silver - kills bacteria
8% ammonia - stabilizes high concentration
5% fluoride - remineralizes enamel
Resin based sealants can be filled or unfilled. Compare and go into depth about how these two things are different in the following categories -
- viscosity
- penetration depth
- abrasion resistance
- adjustment of occlusion
- retention rates
- Unfilled: low viscosity; Filled: high viscosity
- unfilled: superior, gets deep into fissures; filled: inferior, bridge over tight fissures
- unfilled: low, wears quick; filled: high, resistant to wear
- unfilled: self-adjusting, biting wear down; filled: mechanical adjustment by clinician
- unfilled: good initially; filled: better long-term if places well
There are 3 types of direct restorative materials discussed - amalgam, composite, and glass ionomer. Describe the process for each of them.
Amalgam: 1. tooth prep 2. amalgamation 3. condensation 4. carving 5. finish and polish
Composite: 1. tooth prep/clean 2. etch 3. adhesive system application (primer and resin) 4. place composite 5. chemically or light activate (polymerize) 6. finishing and adjustment
glass ionomer: 1. tooth prep and clean 2. amalgamation/ activation 3. place and adapt 4. set 5. protect with varnish
*** THIS MAY BE WRONG!!! I would double check these incase questioning any of them.
What is Zoe a combo of?
What is Zinc Phosphate a combo of?
What is glass ionomer a combo of?
what is polycarboxylate cement a combo of?
zinc oxide + eugenol
zinc oxide + phosphoric acid
glass powder + polyacrylic acid
zinc oxide + polyacrylic Acid