Suicide
T or F : Most people have ambivalent feelings about living and dying
True
Symptoms at this level of the continuum are not necessarily dysfunctional
What is transient depression?
Transient depression subsides quickly and the individual is able to refocus on other goals and achievements.
These are common TCAs
Clomipramine (Anafranil), Doxepin, Desipramine (Norpramin), Amitriptyline, Amoxapine, Imipramine (Tofranil)
The therapy that is believed to be related to retinal stimulation that triggers a reduction of melatonin and an increase in serotonin in the brain.
What is light therapy? An exposure to light, has been shown to be an effective treatment for seasonal affective disorder.
Depression characterized by depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities.
What is MDD? Evidence will show impaired social and occupational functioning that has existed for at least 2 weeks, no history of manic behavior, and symptoms that cannot be attributed to use of substances or a general medical condition.
Predisposing factors for suicide may include these.
What are internalized anger, hopelessness and other symptoms of severe depression, history of aggression and violence, shame and humiliation, developmental stressors, sociological influences, genetics, and neurochemical factors.
Defined as the lived experience of lack of control over a situation, including a perception that one’s actions do not significantly affect an outcome
What is Powerlessness? Encourage the patient to take as much responsibility as possible for his or her own self-care practices. In the most acute stage of severe depression, patients may have extreme difficulty making decisions
Some foods could cause this problem while taking MAOIs.
What is a hypertensive crises while taking MAOIs. foods to avoid include aged cheese, wine, beer, smoked & processed meats, canned figs, caviar, raisins, yeast products, chocolate, colas, yogurt, beef & chicken liver, soy sauce, diet pills.
The induction of a grand mal seizure through the application of electrical current to the brain
What is Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)? ECT is effective with patients who are acutely suicidal and in the treatment of severe depression, particularly in those patients who are also experiencing psychotic symptoms and those with psychomotor retardation and neurovegetative changes
Characteristics are similar and perhaps milder than MDD with no evidence of psychotic symptoms.
What is Persistent depressive disorder (Dysthymia)?The essential feature is a chronically depressed mood (or possibly an irritable mood in children or adolescents) for most of the day, more days than not, for at least 2 years (1 year for children and adolescents). The diagnosis is identified as early onset (occurring before age 21 years) or late onset (occurring at age 21 years or older).?
Nursing interventions appropriate for a client on suicide precautions.
Remove all sharp objects, belts, and other potentially dangerous articles from the client’s environment. Accompany the client to off-unit activities. Reassess intensity of suicidal thoughts and urges on a regular basis. Collect all of the client’s possessions in storage and explain to her that she may have them back when she is off suicide precautions.
These are nursing interventions for a client with depression.
What is accepting of the patient, and spend time with him or her even though pessimism and negativism may seem objectionable. Focus on strengths and accomplishments and minimize failures.
A nurse intervention for the tricyclic group of
antidepressant medications.
The full therapeutic potential of tricyclics may not be reached for 4 weeks. A patient needs to be advised that it may take several weeks for tricyclic medications to reach their full therapeutic effect and for relief of symptoms to be noted.
A procedure that is used to treat depression by stimulating nerve cells in the brain that does not result in generalized seizure activity and is noninvasive, considered generally safe.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)? TMS involves the use of very short pulses of magnetic energy to stimulate nerve cells at localized areas in the cerebral cortex, similar to the electrical activity observed with ECT.
Symptoms are severe enough to interfere with one’s ability to function socially, at work, or school and recur for the majority of menstrual cycles over the course of a year.
What is premenstrual dysphoric disorder? PMDD include markedly depressed mood, excessive anxiety, mood swings, and decreased interest in activities during the week prior to menses, improving shortly after the onset of menstruation, and becoming minimal or absent in the week postmenses.
The nurse notes that the mood of a patient being treated for depression and suicidal ideation suddenly brightens and this concerns her due to a potential lethal issue.
What is suicidal risk. Sudden improvement in mood may suggest that a patient has reached a secret decision to commit suicide. When patients take antidepressant medication, as the depression lifts, they become energized and are thus able to put their suicidal plans into action.
This depression includes symptoms of major depressive disorder and bipolar depression and is characterized by feelings of total despair, hopelessness and worthlessness.
What is severe depression? May also experience psychomotor retardation, delusional thinking, and inability to concentrate.
A client diagnosed with major depression taking Paroxetine (Paxil) should receive this discharge teaching by the nurse.
The medication should not be discontinued abruptly.
Antidepressants, such as paroxetine, must be tapered and not stopped abruptly. All classifications of antidepressants have varying potentials to cause discontinuation syndromes. Abrupt withdrawal from SSRIs, such as paroxetine, may result in dizziness, lethargy, headache, and nausea.
This treatment involves implanting an electronic device in the skin to stimulate the vagus nerve.
What is Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS)? VNS was found to improve the patient’s mood.
This disorder causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
What is depressive disorder associated with another medical condition? Attributable to the direct physiological effects of a general medical condition, including depression include stroke, traumatic brain injuries, thyroid disorders, Cushing’s disease, Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and multiple sclerosis.
Your neighbor wants to know what to say to her sister in law in the hospital who has been hospitalized after attempting suicide.
What is acknowledge and accept her feelings of emotional pain, be an active listener, show love and encouragement, hug her, allow her to cry, and do not judge or discount her feelings in any way
A disorder that occurs after the death of a significant other (or any other loss of significance to the individual), in which the experience of distress accompanying bereavement fails to follow normative expectations and manifests in functional impairment.”
What s complicated grieving? A disorder that occurs after the death of a significant other in which the experience of distress accompanying bereavement fails to follow normative expectations and manifests in functional impairment
A potentially fatal syndrome of serotonin overstimulation with rapid onset that ultimately can lead to delirium, coma, status epilepticus, cardiovascular collapse, and death.
What is Serotonin syndrome? A rapid onset that progresses from diarrhea, restlessness, agitation, hyperreflexia, fluctuations in vital signs to later symptoms of myoclonus, seizures, hyperthermia, uncontrolled shivering, muscle rigidity. Immediate cessation of offending drugs and comprehensive supportive intervention are essential
An electrode is implanted with the intent of stimulating brain function.
What is deep brain stimulation (DBS). Like VNS, an electrode is implanted with the intent of stimulating brain function. However, this procedure, unlike VNS, is a deep implant that requires craniotomy. Currently, DBS is reserved for patients with severe, incapacitating depression or obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Symptoms have been described as depressed mood varying from day to day, with more bad days than good, tending to be worse toward evening and associated with fatigue, irritability, loss of appetite, sleep disturbances, and loss of libido.
What is postpartum depression? Symptoms usually develop during the first few days following birth but may occur later. Ranges from mild, moderate to severe. Treatment varies with the severity of the illness. Psychotic depression may be treated with antidepressant medication, along with supportive psychotherapy, group therapy, and possibly family therapy. Moderate depression may be relieved with supportive