GI
Rashes
Endo
Teenagers
Potpourri
100
Infants with this condition present with hx of uncontrolled crying especially in the evening, face flushing, fist clenching, legs pulled up to the abdomen. Weight progresses normally, physical exam findings are normal. Cause of this condition is unknown, but treatment includes Swaddling. Infants usually outgrow the condition by 6 months.
What is Infantile Colic?
100
A new mother concerned about 28 day old newborn with multiple, pearly-white papules , 1-2mm in size particularly prominent on the cheeks, nose, nasolabial fold and forehead.
What is Milia
100
What are the stages of pubertal development in females?
Thelarche, Adrenarche, menarche
100
13 yo girl presents with frequent nosebleeds lasting more than 10 minutes and heavy periods. What do you suspect?
Von Willebrand Disease
100
An 18 month old is walking, climbing, feeding himself with his fingers, playing with toys, and saying mama and dada. He follows directions when prompted with gestures like putting out your hand if you want his ball. Should you be concerned?
Delay in language/communication.
200
This is the most common cause of unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in children.
What is Breastfeeding Jaundice?
200
3 day old newborn female with small white to yellow papules and pustules surrounded by erythematous (blotchy), inflamed skin. Lesions seen on his face, trunk, and extremities.
What is Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum
200
What is the first sign of puberty in males?
The first secondary sexual characteristic visible is gonadarche when the testicular volume reaches greater than or equal to 4 mL (or long axis greater than or equal to 2.5 cm) and enters tanner stage 2.
200
15 year old male presents with red, scaly patch on bilateral lower extremities that is pruritic and has become more uncomfortable over time. Affected areas appear raised, bumpy and scaly with the center clear.
What is Tinea corporis
200
A mother reports that her infant has started crawling, can sit up on her own, is saying “mama” and “dada” to everyone and is waving “bye-bye.” If the infant is developmentally on target, how old should she be?
9 months
300
This is the most common cause of acute intestinal obstruction and Septic abdomen in Neonates.
What is Necrotizing enterocolitis?
300
1y3 mo boy presents to your office after being evaluated for a febrile seizure. He presents with this rash. What do you suspect is his diagnosis?
Roseola, 6th disease
300
Precocious puberty is onset of puberty at what ages for girls and boys?
8- girls, 9- boys
300
14 year old dark skinned female presents with 2 depigmented moles that have appeared on the lower posterior of her trunk. Areas are not pruritic, erythematous or appear infected.
What is Halo nevus
300
An infant is in your office for a f/u visit after d/c from the hospital. Mom is concerned because the baby has a rash on her head, neck, and shoulders. The rash consists of vesicles and pustules. Birth history significant for prematurity which led to the baby needing to spend some time in an incubator. What is the diagnosis & tx?
Miliaria (heat rash). Keep baby in cooler environments, loose clothing, cool baths.
400
This condition commonly presents with bilious vomiting in children, and also pathognomonic for the "double-bubble" sign on a KUB.
What is Midgut Volvulus?
400
A 13-month-old boy without any medical history presents with 3 days of nonpruritic rash. Initially, the rash consisted of purple lesions that started on the back and then developed into red and raised lesions to his face, chest, and abdomen. He had no history of recent fever, respiratory symptoms, vomiting, diarrhea, or new exposures to food, travel, lotions, or detergents. Amoxicillin was begun 1 week ago for otitis media. Physical examination revealed rash below. What is your diagnosis?
Erythema multiforme
Cause is unclear but type IV hypersensitivity reaction mediated by T lymphocytes is believed to be involved. Infections and drugs are the most often implicated causes. Herpes simplex virus and mycoplasma pneumonia are the most commonly cited infectious causes, whereas penicillins, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and sulphonamides are commonly implicated drugs
400
A 4 year old female presents for concern of vaginal bleeding for the past 3 days. Mom notes she has also had breast development over the past year. She has also had axillary and pubic hair development recently. Your examination reveals this. What is your diagnosis?
Mccune-Albright
400
A 18y/o M with c/o recurrent pustules, comodones and abscesses in his axillary, inguinal, perianal regions. Areas frequently become infected requiring multiple packings and drainage. Patient never seems to recover fully before another abscess presents.
What is hidradenitis suppurativa
400
A 4 year old child was brought to the pediatrician by her mother with a complaint of new onset of severe bruising on her legs. The mother could not recall any falls or bumps that would have caused the bruising. On exam, the physician also noted mucosal bleeding in the oral cavity. Questioning revealed that the patient had experienced flu like symptoms several weeks earlier. The physical exam was normal except for the bleeding. There was no family history of bleeding disorders. WBC, RBC, Hgb, Hct, RBC indicies normal. Platelet count 26 x 103/μL. What is her diagnosis?
ITP
500
This condition commonly presents with vomiting and abdominal exam findings may include palpation of "sausage" like mass in the right abdomen and empty RLQ (known as the Dance Sign).
What is Intussusception?
500
1 day old African-American male, full term c-section presents with full-widespread rash involving face, trunk and extremities. His lesions consist of pustules and hyperpigmented macules with discrete scaling. No erythema, afebrile, otherwise healthy baby.
What is Pustular Melanosis
500
10d old male is brought because he is “acting funny.” He is lethargic w/ poor skin turgor, sunken fontanelle, & dry lips. Growth curve reveals that he is >10% below his birth wt despite frequent breastfeeding. Labs show hypoNa & hyperK. Beyond evaluating for sepsis, which labs should you consider?
Consider congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Order 17-hydroxyprogesterone & Androstenedione levels
500
A 16 year old home-schooled female presents with fever, headache, myalgias, pharyngitis, posterior cervical lymphadenopathy for past 3 days. Patient does report mild abdominal pain and a loss of appetite.
What is Mononucleosis
500
What labs do you order to distinguish T1DM w T2DM?
pancreatic antibodies, insulin, c peptide