Pathophysiology
What is the most common form of skin cancer?
Basal cell carcinoma
What disease process presents with thickened, velvety plaques to the neck and armpits?
Acanthosis nigricans
What is the test for evaluation of alopecia and what indicates a positive test?
Hair pull test; >6 hairs dislodge indicates (+) result
What is the TOC for scabies?
topical Permetherin 5%
What are aggravating factors of rosacea?
Smoking, UV light, alcohol, coffee consumption
What is the difference between SCC in situ and invasive SCC?
In situ has no dermal involvement, invasive indicated disease extends INTO the dermis
What is the difference in physical exam between scarring and nonscarring alopecia?
Nonscarring alopecia has a normal scalp. Scarring alopecia can demonstrate skin scaling, inflammation, erythematous plaques, follicular plugs, hypopigmentation, papules, pustules
Felon
Photoprotective measures.
What is a physical exam finding indicative of alopecia areata?
Exclamation point hairs
Acne is related to what four factors?
1. hyperkeratinization
2. Increased sebum production
3. Cutibacterium acnes
4. Inflammation
What are the clinical manifestations of lichen planus?
pruritic, polygonal, purple, papules/plaques
Atopic dermatitis can also be associated with what additional disease processes?
Allergic rhinitis, asthma and food allergy
What is the first line treatment for infection prophylaxis for an injury due to animal bite?
Amoxicillin / Clavulanic acid 875mg BID x 5-14 days
What is the biggest risk factor for development of actinic keratosis?
chronic sun exposure
What is the pathophysiology of pemphigus?
Acantholysis induced by the binding of autoantibodies (IgG) to epithelial cell surface antigens
Describe the physical exam findings of a superficial partial thickness burn?
Painful, red, and weeping burn that blanches with pressure WITH blister formation within 24 hours
What is a rapid test that can diagnose onychomycosis?
What are first line therapies for treatment of verrucae?
cryotherapy, salicylic acid
What are the 3 rules of estimation for burn injuries?
Rule of 9's, Lund browder chart, palm method
Dermatophyte onychomycosis is due to what causative organism in 90% of cases?
T. Rubrum
Describe Sign of Leser-Trélat
Sudden appearance of multiple seborrheic keratoses in association with skin tags and acanthosis nigricans
What is the causative organism of tinea versicolor?
Malassezia
What is first line therapy for initial HSV infection?
acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir
What are indications to refer a patient to a burn center? (list at least 5)
1. Partial thickness burns > 10% of TBSA, 2. ANY burn involving the face, hands, feet, genitalia, perineum, or major joints 3. ANY 3rd degree burn 4. Circumferential burns 5. Electrical burns (including lightning) 6. Chemical burns 7. Inhalation injury 8. Burn + trauma 9. Burn injury in patient with co-morbid conditions or conditions that could complicate management