Statistic terms
The sum of the values divided by the total number of observations. It is the most commonly known measure of central tendency but requires interval or ratio data.
What is mean?
Having two values or categories that have the highest occurrence and that are equal frequencies.
Having more than two modes.
What is Bimodal and Multimodal?
The chance that a particular outcome will occur after an event.
What is probability?
A determination that an instrument is designed to measure the concepts under study accurately.
What is content validity?
A test value used to determine how closely one measurement is related to a second measurement.
What is correlation coefficient?
For ordinal, interval, and ratio data, the value in the middle when all the measured values are lined up in order from least to most; the 50thpercentile value.
What is median?
An indicator of the center of the data.
What is Central Tendency?
The probability of finding the reported results if the null hypothesis is true.
What is p-value?
A determination that the test results obtained are similar to the results obtained with another previously validated test that measures the same thing.
A determination that the measurement of the opposite variable of a previously validated measurement yields the opposite result.
What is convergent and divergent validity?
The extent to which items on a multi-item instrument are consistent with one another.
What is homogeneity?
The most frequently occurring value or category in the distribution.
What is mode?
A probability distribution in which the mean, median, and mode are equal with a bell-shaped distribution curve.
What is normal distribution?
A measure that indicates how many standard deviations a value is from the mean value.
What is Z-score?
The measurement of how accurately an instrument suggests future outcomes or behaviors.
What is predictive validity?
Homogeneity of the measurement instrument.
What is internal consistency reliability?
The average distance that the values in a distribution are from the center.
What is standard deviation?
Plots realized frequencies of a statistic versus the range of possible values that statistic can take.
What is sampling distribution?
A cutoff value indicating that an observation is an outlier in a data set because it is more than 1.5 times the interquartile range either above or below the interquartile range (+- 1.5 times the length of the box above or below the box on a box and whiskers plot).
What is Tukey fences?
The probability that a subject actually has the disease when that subject tests positive for the disease.
The probability that a subject really doesn’t have a disease when that subject tests negative for the disease.
What is positive and negative predictive value?
A measure of internal consistency reliability that ranges from 0 to 1. Higher values indicate greater internal consistency reliability.
The difference between the maximum and minimum values in a distribution.
What is range?
An asymmetrical distribution of the values of the variable around the mean, making one tail longer than the other.
What is skewed distribution?
An outlier in a data set that is more than 3 times the interquartile range either above or below the interquartile range (+_3 x the length of the box above or below the box on a box and whiskers plot).
What is extreme outlier?
The probability of a positive test result for the disease (the probability of a true positive) if a patient has a disease.
The probability that a well subject will have a negative screen (no disease)(the probability of a true negative).
What is sensitivity and specificity?
The measurement of how well multiple forms or multiple users of an instrument produce the same results.
What is equivalence?