Steel Basics
The ratio of lateral strain to longitudinal strain in steel.
What is Poisson’s ratio?
The design philosophy adopted in IS 800:2007.
What is Limit State Design?
A structural member subjected purely to pulling force.
What is a tension member?
Bolts transferring load through friction rather than bearing are called these.
What are friction grip bolts (HSFG)?
This transportation structure commonly uses steel trusses to efficiently carry loads over long spans.
What is a steel bridge?
This property allows steel to undergo large plastic deformation before failure, making structures safer.
What is ductility?
This factor is applied to loads to account for uncertainties in loading.
What is the partial safety factor for loads?
This is Failure of tension members across the net section.
What is rupture?
This weld is triangular in cross-section and widely used in fabrication.
What is a fillet weld?
Corrugated steel sheets are widely used in warehouses mainly for this structural role.
What is roofing (or roof decking)?
This phenomenon causes sudden fracture in steel without significant deformation at low temperatures.
What is brittle fracture?
The combination 1.5(DL + LL) is checked under this limit state.
What is the limit state of collapse (strength)?
This compression member failure occurs suddenly with lateral deflection.
What is buckling?
Edge distance is provided mainly to prevent this failure.
What is tearing or shear failure at the edge?
Compared to concrete, steel is often preferred in seismic zones because of this structural property that allows large deformation without collapse.
What is ductility?
The ability of steel to absorb energy during impact loading.
What is toughness?
Excessive deflection is checked under this limit state.
What is serviceability?
A short compression member primarily fails by this mechanism.
What is crushing (yielding)?
On sites requiring quick erection, engineers usually prefer this type of connection.
What are bolted connections?
When an old bridge must be strengthened without demolition, engineers often add steel plates or sections — this process is known as this.
What is retrofitting (or strengthening)?
The stress-strain behavior where removal of stress leaves permanent strain.
What is plastic behavior?
This older method used allowable stresses instead of ultimate strength.
What is Working Stress Method?
Euler’s formula is applicable mainly to columns in this range.
Which formula is valid for Slender Columns?
Eccentric connections introduce this additional internal force.
What is moment?
Steel is considered sustainable in construction largely due to this lifecycle characteristic.
What is recyclability?