Genetics
What are the four bases of DNA and their pairs?
Adenine<-->Thymine, Cytosine<-->Guanine
What type of organisms can the CRISPR technology be used on?
Any organism with cultured cell, even fertilized eggs.
What are designer babies?
Genetic makeup has been altered or chosen to provide designer genome.
Who is Louise Brown?
The first successful test-tube baby.
What is genome?
The whole collection of genetic information.
What can the CRISPR technology do?
It is a technology that is used to edit the genome of an organism by cutting and replacing a part of the DNA strand.
What is Preimplantation Genetic Diagnose?
A method of screening for genetic diseases and predetermine gender by choosing between viable eggs (NO genetic editing).
Who is Jennifer Doudna?
The co-discoverers and leading figure of CRISPR technology.
What are chromosomes and how many are there?
A structure made from tightly packed DNA. There are 46 chromosomes in one person.
What do scientists use to replace mutant genes with healthy genes?
Cas9
Three ways to enable having designer babies
CRISPR, Talen, & Preimplantation Genetic Diagnos
Who is Feng Zhang?
A biochemist who had the central role of developing the optogenetic and CRISPR technology.
What is transcription and translation?
Transcription is the process of making a copy of mRNA. Translation is the process of using mRNA to make proteins.
What is Cas9?
An enzyme that acts like a molecular scissor that is capable of cutting DNA strands.
What is the medical procedure for In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)?
When an egg is fertilized by sperm in a test tube.
Who is Emmanuelle Carpentier?
A microbiologist who had the main role of deciphering how to use Cas9 as a genome editing tool.
What is a gene?
A biological unit of heredity that holds the information to build and maintain cells and pass genetic traits to offspring.
What does CRISPR stand for?
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
What is of Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) and the process?
A method that helps infertile women have babies by injecting the cytoplasm found inside the eggs of a fertile donor, into a patient’s egg.
Who is Jeff Steinburg?
An In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) pioneer in the 1970's.