Europe
Stimulated European interest in the outside world beginning in the 1100s
Led to the acquisition of new technology and "rediscovery' of classical Greek works, numeral systems, etc.
What are the Crusades?
One reason that West Africans were preferred as source of labor in the Americas
What is their resistance to European diseases?
Pre-Columbian Indian societies lacked these that are often used in agriculture
What are draft animals (horses, hogs, cows)?
What is smallpox?
Three reasons a person might be enslaved in West Africa prior to 1492
The first calendar and 'writing system' in the Americas was developed by this Mesoamerica civilization that disappeared c. 400 BC
Who are the Olmecs?
This Portuguese royal inaugurated the Era of Overseas Exploration by sponsoring voyages along the West African coast
Who is Prince Henry the Navigator?
One significant difference between African slavery & slavery as it develops in the American colonies
What is:
Africa - slavery used a punishment for crime, debt, or being captured in war, and was not inherited by children
America - slavery was based on skin color, status was inherited if the mother was a slave
Centered primarily near or on the Yucatan Peninsula, this Indian civilization was decentralized politically - i.e., divided into city-states that traded and warred with each other
Who are the Mayas?
Why the Europeans sought an all-water route to the East (India and China) - BESIDES THE COST
What is they wished to avoid the Ottoman Empire and/or other Muslim states?
The Transatlantic slave trade increased the occurrence of THIS in Africa, as states sought to get more slaves to sell to Europeans in return for finished items
What are wars/conflicts?
Mesoamerican culture that had the most highly developed forms of math and astronomy
Who are the Mayas?
Though often overlooked, the writings of this Florentine (Italian) merchant who spent years in the court of Kublai Khan (Emperor of China) stimulated European commercial interests in the East
Who is Marco Polo?
Roughly 15-20% of slaves taken from Africa did not survive the voyage to the American colonies, known as this
What is the Middle Passage?
This confederacy of five nations dominated the Northeast and Great Lakes regions
What are the Iroquois?