Conception/Early Development
What is the process in which a sperm fertilizes an egg?
Fertilization
What is gastrulation?
The process where the cells of the inner cell mass reorganize into three distinct layers called
Ectoderm
Mesoderm
Endoderm
What is the natural process of a woman's body going through to prepare for a possible pregnancy?
Menstrual Cycle
What is a birth defect?
a condition that is present at birth and affects the structure or function of the body.
Fetus
What is a zygote?
the single cell formed when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell; which takes place in the first stage of human development.
What is organogenesis?
the process where the organs of the body begin to form.
What happens during the follicular phase?
The body prepares for ovulation.
How soon can birth defects start developing during pregnancy?
5 weeks
At week 18, moms may start to feel small flutters - what is this term called?
Quickening
What is it called when the zygote starts dividing quickly into smaller cells?
Cleavage
What is the ectoderm?
the outermost of the three cell layers formed during gastrulation, and it develops into parts of the body’s outer layer and nervous system.
What are the main hormones during the menstrual cycle?
Estrogen, Progesterone, FSH, and LH
What are the two different types of chromosomal abnormalities?
Numerical & Structural Abnormalities
What is the fine hair on a baby known as?
Lanugo
What is a blastocyst?
A hollow ball of cells that forms about 5 days after fertilization, during early development.
The development of the nervous system is referred to what?
Neurulation
The mature follicle releases an egg from the ovary is called what?
Ovulation
What are teratogenic effects?
What is the baby's first stool called?
Meconium
For pregnancy to continue what does the blastocyst need to attach to?
Lining of the Uterus
What layer is the inner layer which will form internal organs?
Endoderm
How long is the menstrual cycle?
On average 28 days.
When do NTDs (Neural Tube Defects) start to occur during pregnancy?
The first month
At week 31 what has taken over to produce red blood cells?
Bone Marrow