Gestation/Birth
What are the three stages of the period of development gestation and birth and when does each occur?
Postnatal: post birth
The average birth weight of an infant is?
7 pounds, 2 ounces
According to Erikson's stages of Psychosocial Development what is the second stage?
The second stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development is Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt which takes place during early childhood and is focused on children developing a greater sense of personal control.
Between early childhood and adolescence, the growth rate slows down or speeds up?
Slows down
What is adolescence?
Adolescence is the period of transition between childhood and adulthood. At this time those who are entering adolescence go through many physical, intellectual, personality, and social developments
As a neonate the body is characterized by ________ allowing for compact position and random movements as well as a protection for them against gravity
Physiological function
During infancy, what is a general principle in regards to the motor development?
Children first develop gross to fine motor skill
Children are able to control large body movements before they are able to do refined movements
What is Piaget's second stage of Cognitive Development?
Preoperational
Where do children during middle childhood spend the majority of their time and is their biggest influence?
Educational settings
At what period of time does an individual begin undergoing physical and psychological developments as well as hormonal changes?
Puberty
______ are reactive actions that neonates will use in the beginning stages of life and is controlled by the lower levels of the CNS. They are present at birth and are a survival mechanism
Primitive reflexes
During infancy, what is a postural reaction that begins between 6-9 months of age that is used to stop a fall or prevent injury?
Protective extension response
What must a child present during early childhood that are necessary readiness skills for educational settings?
Keeping focus and remain on task
Independance in bathroom and cafeteria
Remain seated For long periods of time
Be able to participate in social participation and activities
Being able to engage in reading, writing, spelling, and math skills based on grade level
Girls typically grow taller than boys during middle childhood. True or false?
True
At what age does the period of adolescence TYPICALLY end and young adulthood begins?
21 years old
During gestation period, which is a primitive reflexe caused by a stimulus to mouth area that leads to the child's mouth to close, open and begins suckling movements?
Suck-Swallow Reflex
What are automatic, compensatory movements of the body that is used to maintain the center of gravity over the base of support beginning at the age of 6 months old?
Equilibrium reactions
What type of grasp is learned at 2 years of age?
Palmar grasp
Head and brain growth is 95% complete at what age?
The age of 10
Why is the use of slang important to adolescents?
Its important for establishing group membership and being accepted by others
Name 4 gross motor coordinations for normal development in gestation and birth
Dominated by physiological flexion
Moves entire body into extension
Turns head side to side (protective response)
Keeps head mostly to side while in supine position
Infants and toddlers repeat movements as they develop new skills. This is often referred to as?
Mastery
What 2 stages are identified by Greenspan in early childhood?
Emotional ideas and emotional thinking
What is the "Golden Rule"?
Do unto others as you would have them do unto you and show respect for authority and rules.
According to Erikson, the psychosocial task of adolescence is developing what?
Self identity