Enteral 1
What is a disadvantage of rectal administration?
inconvenient, uncomfortable, messy, absorbtion slow & erratic
What is an advantage of sublingual administration?
rapid onset of action, bypasses first-pass metabolism, can be self-administered, can be spit out to cease administration
What is the one dosage form that can be administered through all of the injectable routes of administration?
solution
What is a disadvantage of topical administration?
messy, can be difficult to apply, more time consuming, slower absorption, absorption variability depending on area being administered, hydration level of skin, etc.
Name one ophthalmic dosage form
solution, suspension or ointment
What is an advantage of oral administration?
convenience (easy to carry, use, store), doesn't need to be sterile, generally pain free, usually flavored or coated to avoid bad taste
Name one solid dosage form and one liquid dosage form that can be administered orally
tablet, capsule, caplet, softgel/gelcap, oral powder, solution, suspension, syrup, elixir, tincture, emulsion, gel
What is a disadvantage of intramuscular injection?
painful, slower onset than IV, requires trained staff to dose and administer, need special supplies, some variability in absorption depending on muscle & blood flow to it
Name one disadvantage of intravenous administration
painful, inconvenient, need special supplies, has to be done by a train professional, increased risk of infection, hard to stop action of drug once administered
What is a disadvantage of vaginal administration?
inconvenient, uncomfortable, messy
What is a disadvantage of sublingual administration?
Drug has to stay in that area (cannot eat or drink or swallow while drug is dissolving under tongue), only good for drugs that are effective in small amounts
Name one dosage form that can be administered sublingually
tablet, lozenge/troche, solution (usually concentrated), film, some powders
What is a disadvantage of respiratory administration?
have to use properly to work properly
What are intradermal injections typically used for
diagnostic purposes
What is a disadvantage of otic administration?
have to lay with ear up for up to 5 minutes, may be difficult to self-administer, can cause discomfort or dizziness
What is a dosage form that can be given buccally?
lozenge/troche, solution (concentrated), tablet, film
Name one dosage form that can be used rectally
suppository, enema, cream, foam, gel, ointment
Name one dosage form that can be administered vaginally
tablet, cream, suppository, gel, ointment
What is an advantage of vaginal administration?
local effect, can be self-administered, avoids first-pass metabolism
What is a disadvantage of subcutaneous administration?
variable drug absorption, can be painful, need special supplies, smaller volumes only
What is a disadvantage of oral administration?
slower onset of action, gets metabolized and digested, stomach contents can affect absorption, can only be used in patients who can swallow,
What is an advantage of rectal administration?
local effect and/or systemic effect, can be self-administered, reduced first-pass metabolism
Name one advantage of intravenous administration
immediate onset of action, can be given to unconscious patient, avoids first-pass metabolism, better control over drug levels in body
What is an advantage of subcutaneous administration?
longer duration of action, can self-administer, lower risk of infection
What is a disadvantage of nasal administration?
can cause nosebleed if used incorrectly, may cause bad taste in mouth