R&R
This term describes the range of duties and skills an MFR is permitted to perform.
What is scope of practice?
Gloves, eye protection, masks, gowns and resuscitation devices are examples of this three-letter term.
What is PPE?
This is the first step of Emergency Scene Management, performed before you begin assessing the patient.
What is the scene assessment?
This respiratory structure is commonly called the windpipe (or air tube).
What is the trachea?
This condition occurs when heart muscle tissue dies because its supply of oxygenated blood has been cut off, usually by a clot in a coronary artery.
What is a myocardial infarction/heart attack?
An unconscious patient cannot respond when you ask permission to help. This type of consent allows you to provide emergency care.
What is implied consent?
A contaminated cellphone or door handle capable of carrying infection is known by this term.
What is a fomite?
The AVPU acronym represent these four different levels of consciousness.
What are Alert, Verbal, Painful and Unconscious/Unresponsive?
These two conditions may present as a whistling or wheezing sound when listening to a patient’s lungs.
What are asthma or an airway obstruction.
You would want to check for these three (or four) things immediately if you suspect a cerebrovascular emergency.
What are Facial droop, arm weakness/drift, speech abnormality, and time (act quick and assess time of onset/last known normal.)
These four pieces of information are key components of your patient hand-over to arriving paramedics.
Mechanism of injury; Injury/illness; Signs and symptoms; Treatment — MIST
These are three of the main principles of Body Substance Isolation
What are hand washing, PPE, and decontamination?
These six areas of information are key components of the patient history of your the secondary assessment.
Signs/symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past medical history, Last oral intake, Events prior
This is the normal range for an adult patient's breathing rate.
What is 10 - 20 breaths per minute?
This six-letter assessment mnemonic should be used to investigate the pain experienced by a patient with chest pain.
What is OPQRST?
Your patient tells you they have “chest discomfort.” On your PCR, you instead write “possible heart attack.” What important documentation principle have you violated?
What is documenting facts rather than opinions?
After removing your gloves following patient care, you immediately begin packing your equipment. This important infection-control step has been missed.
What is hand hygiene/hand washing?
During the primary assessment, a conscious patient who can speak clearly tell you this about their airway.
What is an open/patent airway?
This airway adjunct may be indicated in an unconscious patient with no gag reflex and cannot maintain their airway.
What is an OPA/oropharyngeal airway?
According to the SJA Scope of Practice in Ontario, the presence of these contraindications to ASA would mean you cannot administer ASA to a patient with a suspected cardiac emergency.
What are ASA allergy or sensitivity; active signs of gastrointestinal bleeding, recent major trauma or injury with potential for internal bleeding; patient refuses medication; patient is under 18.
A conscious patient refuses further care. These are three actions the MFR should take before concluding the encounter.
What are: ensure the patient can make an informed decision, have them sign the refusal, encourage them to seek help if symptoms persist, and advise them to call EMS again if they change their mind?
This responder-health issue should be considered when, following a difficult incident, a responder has difficulty sleeping, becomes irritable, isolates themselves and has trouble concentrating.
What is stress or Critical Incident Stress (CIS)?
After a patient’s immediate life threats have been managed and EMS is on the way, these things should be done by an MFR as part of ongoing patient care.
What are maintaining manual support for injuries; treat for shock; monitor vital signs; give nothing by mouth; document findings/changes/treatment; protect the patient’s belongings; provide a report and handover to EMS.
These are four important steps or rules for safely suctioning an adult patient.
What are open mouth using cross-finger technique; insert suction tip only as far as you can see; suction only while withdrawing; suction an adult for no more than 15 seconds.
During a cardiac arrest, these two rhythms will be recognized by the AED as shockable.
What are ventricular fibrillation (VF) and pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT)?