Primary and Secondary Sources
True or False: Both a journal and a newspaper use the same neutral, factual language.
B. False
True or False: The narrator’s perspective always shows the thoughts and feelings of every character in a story.
B. False
"Ella watched the river swell after the heavy rain. She knew she needed to get home before the bridge flooded."
Question: How does Ella needing to get home before the bridge floods impact the plot?
A. It introduces a conflict that drives the story forward
B. It provides a background description of the setting
C. It resolves the main conflict immediately
D. It changes the story’s narrator
A. It introduces a conflict that drives the story forward
"The article then describes three schools that successfully reduced food waste. One school created a share table, another added compost bins, and a third held weekly awareness announcements."
"During the school play rehearsal, Miguel’s costume ripped. He froze, unsure whether to run backstage or continue performing."
Question: How does Miguel’s wardrobe malfunction impact the plot?
A. It introduces an internal conflict that affects his decision-making
B. It provides detailed historical context
C. It ends the story immediately
D. It changes the narrator’s point of view
A. It introduces an internal conflict that affects his decision-making
$100: In the storm journal, “branches scratched at our windows” is an example of:
A. Simile
B. Sensory language (imagery)
C. Hyperbole
D. Dialogue
B. Sensory language (imagery)
Identify which source is secondary.
A. Student journal
B. Newspaper report
C. Family photo album
D. Personal interview
B. Newspaper report
Which of the following is most important when considering the narrator’s perspective in a story?
A. The narrator’s thoughts, feelings, and experiences
B. The font used in the book
C. The number of chapters in the story
D. The illustrator’s style
A. The narrator’s thoughts, feelings, and experiences
"The spaceship shuddered as it entered the asteroid field. Captain Vega gritted her teeth and adjusted the controls, hoping to avoid disaster."
Question: How does the danger in the asteroid field impact the plot?
A. It creates tension and moves the story toward a climax
B. It introduces a side character’s backstory
C. It resolves all conflicts instantly
D. It adds unrelated description about the spaceship
A. It creates tension and moves the story toward a climax
"Last Saturday, volunteers gathered at the community garden to plant trees, clean walkways, and repaint worn benches."
Question: How does the opening paragraph contribute to the overall structure of the text?
A. It summarizes the entire article
B. It introduces the topic by describing the event that will be explained in detail
C. It provides the article’s final conclusion
D. It argues against holding community events
B. It introduces the topic by describing the event that will be explained in detail
$200: In Jordan’s Science Project, the detail "I chewed my lip, imagining everyone laughing" affects the mood by:
A. Creating a relaxed mood
B. Creating an anxious mood showing Jordan’s nervousness
C. Setting a competitive mood
D. Creating a humorous mood
B. Creating an anxious mood showing Jordan’s nervousness
Why is the journal’s description of the little brother significant as a primary source?
A. It provides weather statistics
B. It gives a personal, emotional perspective of the event
C. It summarizes city response
D. It reports long-term storm effects
It gives a personal, emotional perspective of the event
How could the line, "But what if it erupts too fast, or no one claps?" contribute to a plot:
A. Resolving two character's personal conflicts
B. Introducing a character's internal conflict about presenting publicly
C. Showing a character's excitement to participate in science fair
D. Revealing that a character is already confident
B. Introducing a character's internal conflict about presenting publicly
"During the school play rehearsal, Miguel’s costume ripped. He froze, unsure whether to run backstage or continue performing."
Question: How does Miguel’s wardrobe malfunction impact the plot?
A. It introduces an internal conflict that affects his decision-making
B. It provides detailed historical context
C. It ends the story immediately
D. It changes the narrator’s point of view
A. It introduces an internal conflict that affects his decision-making
"Before the new recycling program began, less than 20% of school waste was sorted correctly. Many students didn’t know which items belonged in which bin."
Question: How does this section function in the text’s organization?
A. It gives background information that helps explain why the new program was needed
B. It concludes the article by summarizing all changes
C. It introduces a personal story unrelated to recycling
D. It describes the program’s final results
A. It gives background information that helps explain why the new program was needed
$300: If the simile "like a tiny boat in choppy waters" were used, what tone would it create?
A. Humorous and light
B. Confident and triumphant
C. Nervous and unsettled
D. Calm and peaceful
C. Nervous and unsettled
$200: Which statement best describes the difference between a primary and a secondary source in the excerpts above?
A. The primary explains scientific causes; the secondary is emotional
B. The primary is an eyewitness, personal account; the secondary is a later, factual summary
C. The primary contains expert analysis; the secondary gives direct testimony
D. The primary lists statistics; the secondary uses personal feelings
B. The primary is an eyewitness, personal account; the secondary is a later, factual summary
Read the passage from Jordan’s Science Project:
"I hate presenting in front of the class… Finally, the day of the science fair arrived. I took a deep breath, poured the vinegar, and watched the lava flow. Gasps echoed, then applause. I couldn’t stop smiling."
How does Jordan’s perspective help readers understand the conflict?
A. Shows private thoughts about embarrassment and self-doubt
B. Tells what the audience thinks during the presentation
C. Focuses on Alex’s determination to win
D. Explains the judges’ criteria
A. Shows private thoughts about embarrassment and self-doubt
"A sudden storm forced hikers to seek shelter in a cave. Lightning flashed outside, and they huddled together, waiting for it to pass."
Question: How does the storm impacting the hikers’ safety affect the plot?
A. It creates an external conflict that challenges the characters
B. It gives background information about the cave
C. It resolves the main story conflict
D. It introduces a new narrator
A. It creates an external conflict that challenges the characters
"This section explains how late-night device use affects students’ ability to focus the next morning. Researchers found that even one hour less sleep can impact memory and mood."
Question: How does the section “Screen Time and Sleep” fit into the text’s organization?
A. It serves as the article’s conclusion
B. It provides scientific evidence supporting the article’s central claim
C. It introduces the article with a personal story
D. It lists unrelated facts about technology history
B. It provides scientific evidence supporting the article’s central claim
How does sensory language such as “my hands trembled” and “a sharp chill ran across my skin” affect the mood of a text?
A. It creates a calm, relaxed mood
B. It builds an anxious or tense mood
C. It makes the text humorous
D. It has no impact on mood
B. It builds an anxious or tense mood
Journal:
"The wind howled outside, and branches scratched at our windows. I could hear the distant wail of sirens. We gathered in the living room with blankets, trying to stay calm. My little brother kept asking if the storm would ever stop. I hugged him tightly and whispered that we would be okay."
Newspaper:
"A severe storm swept through the city on October 12, causing downed trees, power outages, and minor structural damage. Emergency services responded quickly, and shelters were opened for residents without power. The event is recorded as one of the most significant storms of the year."
How do these accounts reveal different perspectives?
A. Both use the same neutral, factual language
B. The journal uses objective reporting; the newspaper is emotional
C. The journal uses personal, sensory details and emotion; the newspaper summarizes facts and outcomes
D. The journal is formal; the newspaper is a personal narrative
C. The journal uses personal, sensory details and emotion; the newspaper summarizes facts and outcomes
Read the passage from Jordan’s Science Project:
"I hate presenting in front of the class… Finally, the day of the science fair arrived. I took a deep breath, poured the vinegar, and watched the lava flow. Gasps echoed, then applause. I couldn’t stop smiling."
How does choosing Jordan as narrator affect the story?
A. Focuses on technical chemistry instructions
B. Gives insight into Jordan’s nervousness and changing feelings
C. Highlights Alex’s confidence rather than Jordan’s emotions
D. Prevents readers from understanding why Jordan presents
Gives insight into Jordan’s nervousness and changing feelings
"Leila struggled to lift the heavy crate, but with a final push, she moved it onto the shelf. Relief washed over her as she stepped back to admire her work."
Question: How does Leila moving the crate impact the plot?
A. It shows character growth and resolves part of the conflict
B. It introduces a new antagonist
C. It creates confusion about the story’s timeline
D. It changes the story’s setting
A. It shows character growth and resolves part of the conflict
"As the town decides whether to expand the bike-lane project, officials plan to hold a public meeting to gather feedback and discuss next steps."
Question: How does the final paragraph contribute to the overall structure of the text?
A. It introduces a new unrelated topic
B. It provides a look ahead, showing what may happen next
C. It repeats the introduction word for word
D. It gives scientific data about bike safety
B. It provides a look ahead, showing what may happen next
How does the use of a metaphor like “the worry sat on my shoulders like a heavy backpack” influence the mood?
A. It creates a mood of excitement and celebration
B. It makes the mood playful and silly
C. It contributes to a mood of stress or emotional weight
D. It creates a mysterious and spooky mood
C. It contributes to a mood of stress or emotional weight