Insulins
Onset is about 15 minutes and the peak is in 1 hour.
What is aspart or lispro?
The three "P"s of diabetes
Transports and metabolizes glucose for energy. Signals the liver to stop the release of glucose. Inhibits breakdown of stored glucose, proteins, and fats.
What is insulin?
Inspect feet with a mirror daily, wash feet daily, cut toe nails straight across, and wear shoes/slippers at all times.
What is diabetic foot care?
No caloric intake for at least 8 hours. Results should be 70-100 mg/dL.
What is a fasting blood glucose?
Acts like the bodies natural basal secretion of insulin, has no peak time. Lasts 24 hours.
What is detemir or glargine.
Cool/clammy skin, diaphoresis, palpitations, fatigue, weakness, confusion, headache, & shakiness.
What is hypoglycemia?
Just before eating and exercise.
What is checking your blood glucose?
The most common symptom of antidiabetic medications.
What is diarrhea?
A blood test that measures the average blood glucose levels for the past 3 months.
What is HBA1C?
The only insulin given intravenously.
What is regular insulin?
Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, hot/dry skin, slow wound healing, vision changes.
What is hyperglycemia?
Caused by an autoimmune response. Usually diagnosed in childhood.
A medication that may need to be paused or held before and after certain imaging studies that use dye.
What is metformin or a biguanide?
Fast for 12 hours, drink a glucose drink with 75mg of glucose, & draw labs at 1 & 2 hours.
What is glucose tolerance test?
Onset is 1-2 hours. Peak is 4-12 hours. Duration is 18-24 hours.
NPH
Abrupt onset. Ketosis and acidosis occurs. Kussmaul respirations and acidic (fruity) breath.
What is Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Insulin resistance. Usually diagnosed in adulthood. Typically from poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, and obesity.
What is Type II Diabetes Mellitus?
A buildup of fat, protein, and, scar tissue that occurs when a medication or insulin is injected into the same area of the body too many times.
What is lipodystrophy?
What is metabolic acidosis?
Lowest risk for hypoglycemia. Cannot be mixed with any other insulin.
What is detemir or glargine?
Gradual onset. Hyperglycemia, polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia, dehydration/hypovolemia, confusion, and decreased level of consciousness.
What is hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHS or HHNS)?
Excessive blood glucose that damages the blood vessels of the retina causing blindness, cataracts, and/or glaucoma.
What is diabetic retinopathy?
Damage to the nerves outside of the brain & spinal cord causing tingling, numbness, and eventually loss of sensation.
What is peripheral neuropathy?
This test will show the body's ability to utilize food.
What is a 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose test?