Medication Administration
When mixing NPH (intermediate-acting) and regular insulin, which one should be drawn into the syringe first?
What is regular insulin? (Clear before cloudy)
What is the primary pathophysiological defect in Type 1 Diabetes?
What is autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells?
What condition describes nerve damage causing loss of sensation in extremities?
What is diabetic neuropathy?
What is the term for excessive thirst seen in patients with diabetes?
What is polydipsia?
What is the priority action for the nurse to take if the patient with type 2 diabetes complains of blurred vision and irritability?
What is check the patient's blood glucose level
What is the proper injection technique for administering insulin subcutaneously?
What is a 90-degree angle or 45 degrees if using a shorter needle with site rotation
In Type 2 Diabetes, what two major physiological problems occur?
What are insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion?
What is the primary cause of diabetic retinopathy?
What is prolonged hyperglycemia causing damage to retinal blood vessels?
In diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), what electrolyte imbalance is commonly observed and must be monitored during treatment?
What is hypokalemia?
Which of the following laboratory test best indicate compliance of the diabetic client and insulin therapy?
What is glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
Which insulin type provides rapid blood sugar control and is taken before meals?
What is rapid-acting insulin
What hormone imbalance contributes to hyperglycemia in diabetes?
What is excess glucagon and insufficient insulin?
A patient, who is admitted with diabetes mellitus, has a glucose level of 380 mg/dL and a moderate level of ketones in the urine. As the nurse assesses for signs of ketoacidosis, which respiratory pattern would the nurse expect to find?
What is kussmaul's respirations
What is the term for slow-healing wounds, especially on the feet, in people with diabetes?
What are diabetic ulcers?
What is the priority intervention for a patient presenting with hyperglycemia?
What is encouraging hydration and monitoring blood glucose levels frequently?
Which antidiabetic medication must be held before and after IV contrast imaging to prevent renal damage?
What is Metformin?
What pathophysiological process leads to diabetic neuropathy?
What is chronic hyperglycemia causing nerve damage through reduced blood flow and inflammation?
What complication can arise from poorly managed blood glucose levels during pregnancy?
What is gestational diabetes, which increases the risk of birth complications?
What symptoms are common with patients who are experiencing hypoglycemia?
What is shakiness, sweating, confusion, tremors, tachycardia and fatigue
During DKA management, what is the nurse's priority after fluid resuscitation?
What is administering insulin to reduce blood glucose levels?
How does beta-blocker medication complicate hypoglycemia management in diabetic patients?
What is it can mask hypoglycemia symptoms like tachycardia and tremors?
Which counter-regulatory hormone is released during hypoglycemia to increase blood glucose levels by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver?
What is glucagon?
How does diabetes contribute to peripheral artery disease (PAD)?
What is through chronic hyperglycemia causing arterial narrowing and poor circulation?
Which life-threatening hyperglycemic emergency is characterized by extreme hyperglycemia, profound dehydration, and absence of ketosis?
What is Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS)?
What interventions should be done for a patient who is experiencing hyperkalemia due to diabetic nephropathy?
What is administer dextrose, give insulin, kayexalate, and initiate cardiac monitoring