Diabetes 1
Cool, clammy skin, shakiness, and headache are signs of what?
Hypoglycemia
Cause of DM II
Insulin resistance
Warm, dry skin and acetone breath are signs of what?
Hyperglycemia
The three types of diabetes
DM I, DM II, GDM
Acronym for Insulin types
LARIDG
What not to do to the finger when obtaining a glucose sample
Milk the finger
Lab value that monitors BS over time
HG A1C
if your diabetic client has a change in condition (sudden or progressive) what should you do first
Finger stick
How insulin is measured
Units
This is the only Insulin that can be given IV and begins working in 30-60 min.
Regular
Abdominal obesity + elevated triglycerides + low HDL + HTN + elevated BS
When blood sugars are normally ordered in the hospital
AC (before meals) and HS (at bedtime)
DKA Treatment
Normal saline, insulin IV, potassium, monitor EKG and labs.
How long to wait to recheck a BS after an intervention for hypoglycemia
15 minutes
Considerations when administering insulin (at least three)
Subcutaneous, rotate injection sites, assessing for bruising, smallest syringe available, give in arm if possible since patient cannot do that at home
Cause of DM I
Damage to or destruction of beta cells of the pancreas leads to absence of insulin production
An order that tells you how much insulin to give based upon the patient's blood glucose reading
Sliding scale
Any correct answer by players!
Oftentimes the first indicators that a client is diabetic (hint: 3 P's)
Polydipsia (excessive thirst), polyuria (excessive urination, and polyphagia (excessive hunger)
How long does each insulin class last?
Rapid 3-5 hr
Regular 6-10 hr
Intermediate 16 hr
Long 24 hr
The two macrovascular complications of diabetes
cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular disease
The three microvascular complications of diabetes
Kidney, nerve, and vision problems
Which electrolyte should you monitor when providing large amounts of insulin
Potassium
Class of drugs that almost always effect the glucose levels so they need close monitoring
Steroids
What are insulin sick day rules? Give at least 3.
do not stop taking insulin, checking blood sugar every 2–4 hours, testing for ketones if glucose is over 240-300 mg/dL, staying hydrated, and contacting your doctor if symptoms persist or ketones are high.