Hormone Basics
Hormone that is central to both DI and SIADH
What is antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Excessive thirst and polyuria are hallmarks signs of this condition
What is diabetes insipidus (DI)?
Normal serum sodium range is...
What is 135 - 145 mEq/L
Head trauma, CNS infection or neurosurgery may cause this condition
What is Central or Neurogenic DI?
First line fluid management for SIADH is...
What is fluid restriction?
ADH regulates water excretion by increasing permeability at this location of the body
What are the kidneys (specifically distal tubules)?
Fluid retention in SIADH causes a/an ________ in body weight and blood pressure
What is increase?
A patient with SIADH will most likely have this level of serum sodium
What is low?
Medications, such as SSRIs and carbamazepine, can trigger this condition
What is SIADH?
This medication is choice to replace ADH in DI
What is desmopressin (DDAVP)?
This gland stores and releases ADH
What is the posterior pituitary gland
In SIADH, patients often present with confusion due to this electrolyte imbalance
What is hyponatremia?
A solution with an osmolality of about 275–295 mOsm/kg is described by this term, meaning it has the same solute concentration as plasma
What is isotonic?
Chronic renal insufficiency may decrease the renal response to ADH, resulting in this disorder
What is Nephrogenic DI?
Hypertonic saline (3%) may be used cautiously in this condition
What is SIADH with hyponatremia?
This is part of the body’s compensatory mechanism to SIADH, suppressing aldosterone and ADH release
What is atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)?
A patient with DI may become severely dehydrated because of this clinical finding
Massive urine output
Serum osmolality in DI is typically...
What is high?
Small cell lung cancer is a major risk factor for this type of disorder characterized by excessive ADH secretion.
What is SIADH?
You are assigned a patient being treated for SIADH, upon assuming care you ensure these two precautions are in place
What is fall and seizure precautions?
When there is an excess of ADH, the urine will typically appear like this
What is concentrated
Severe hyponatremia in SIADH can lead to this life-threatening complication
What are seizures?
Urine specific gravity in SIADH is typically...
What is high?
Damage to this specific part of the brain, responsible for producing ADH, is a key risk factor for Central DI.
What is the hypothalamus?
What is furosemide?